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post-traumatic stress disorder associated with sexual assault among women in the who world mental health surveys
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نویسنده
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scott k.m. ,koenen k.c. ,king a. ,petukhova m.v. ,alonso j. ,bromet e.j. ,bruffaerts r. ,bunting b. ,de jonge p. ,haro j.m. ,karam e.g. ,lee s. ,medina-mora m.e. ,navarro-mateu f. ,sampson n.a. ,shahly v. ,stein d.j. ,torres y. ,zaslavsky a.m. ,kessler r.c.
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منبع
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psychological medicine - 2018 - دوره : 48 - شماره : 1 - صفحه:155 -167
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چکیده
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Background sexual assault is a global concern with post-traumatic stress disorder (ptsd), one of the common sequelae. early intervention can help prevent ptsd, making identification of those at high risk for the disorder a priority. lack of representative sampling of both sexual assault survivors and sexual assaults in prior studies might have reduced the ability to develop accurate prediction models for early identification of high-risk sexual assault survivors. methods data come from 12 face-to-face, cross-sectional surveys of community-dwelling adults conducted in 11 countries. analysis was based on the data from the 411 women from these surveys for whom sexual assault was the randomly selected lifetime traumatic event (te). seven classes of predictors were assessed: socio-demographics, characteristics of the assault, the respondent's retrospective perception that she could have prevented the assault, other prior lifetime tes, exposure to childhood family adversities and prior mental disorders. results prevalence of diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders iv (dsm-iv) ptsd associated with randomly selected sexual assaults was 20.2%. ptsd was more common for repeated than single-occurrence victimization and positively associated with prior tes and childhood adversities. respondent's perception that she could have prevented the assault interacted with history of mental disorder such that it reduced odds of ptsd, but only among women without prior disorders (odds ratio 0.2, 95% confidence interval 0.1-0.9). the final model estimated that 40.3% of women with ptsd would be found among the 10% with the highest predicted risk. conclusions whether counterfactual preventability cognitions are adaptive may depend on mental health history. predictive modelling may be useful in targeting high-risk women for preventive interventions.
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کلیدواژه
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post-traumatic stress disorder ,ptsd ,sexual assault
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آدرس
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university of otago, department of psychological medicine, new zealand, harvard t.h. chan school of public health, department of epidemiology, usa, harvard medical school, department of health care policy, usa, harvard medical school, department of health care policy, usa, pompeu fabra university (upf), imim-hospital del mar medical research institute, ciber en epidemiología y salud pública (ciberesp), health services research unit, spain, stony brook university, school of medicine, department of psychiatry, usa, katholieke universiteit leuven (upc-kul), campus gasthuisberg, universitair psychiatrisch centrum, belgium, ulster university, school of psychology, ireland, university medical center groningen, interdisciplinary center psychopathology and emotion regulation, department of psychiatry, netherlands. rijksuniversiteit groningen, department of psychology, netherlands, universitat de barcelona, parc sanitari sant joan de déu, collaborations and relationships for biomedical research networking center for mental health network (cibersam), spain, institute for development research advocacy and applied care (idraac), lebanon. balamand university, faculty of medicine, department of psychiatry and clinical psychology, lebanon. st george hospital university medical center, department of psychiatry and clinical psychology, lebanon, chinese university of hong kong, department of psychiatry, hong kong, national institute of psychiatry ramón de la fuente, mexico, subdirección general de salud mental y asistencia psiquiátrica, imib-arrixaca, ciberesp-murcia, servicio murciano de salud, spain, harvard medical school, department of health care policy, usa, harvard medical school, department of health care policy, usa, university of cape town, department of psychiatry and mental health, south africa, ces university, center for excellence on research in mental health, colombia, harvard medical school, department of health care policy, usa, harvard medical school, department of health care policy, usa
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Authors
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