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Long-term Survival and Virulence of Mycobacterium leprae in Amoebal Cysts
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نویسنده
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wheat w.h. ,casali a.l. ,thomas v. ,spencer j.s. ,lahiri r. ,williams d.l. ,mcdonnell g.e. ,gonzalez-juarrero m. ,brennan p.j. ,jackson m.
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منبع
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plos neglected tropical diseases - 2014 - دوره : 8 - شماره : 12
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چکیده
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Leprosy is a curable neglected disease of humans caused by mycobacterium leprae that affects the skin and peripheral nerves and manifests clinically in various forms ranging from self-resolving,tuberculoid leprosy to lepromatous leprosy having significant pathology with ensuing disfiguration disability and social stigma. despite the global success of multi-drug therapy (mdt),incidences of clinical leprosy have been observed in individuals with no apparent exposure to other cases,suggestive of possible non-human sources of the bacteria. in this study we show that common free-living amoebae (fla) can phagocytose m. leprae,and allow the bacillus to remain viable for up to 8 months within amoebic cysts. viable bacilli were extracted from separate encysted cocultures comprising three common acanthamoeba spp.: a. lenticulata,a. castellanii,and a. polyphaga and two strains of hartmannella vermiformis. trophozoites of these common fla take up m. leprae by phagocytosis. m. leprae from infected trophozoites induced to encyst for long-term storage of the bacilli emerged viable by assessment of membrane integrity. the majority (80%) of mice that were injected with bacilli extracted from 35 day cocultures of encysted/excysted a. castellanii and a. polyphaga showed lesion development that was similar to mice challenged with fresh m. leprae from passage mice albeit at a slower initial rate. mice challenged with coculture-extracted bacilli showed evidence of acid-fast bacteria and positive pcr signal for m. leprae. these data support the conclusion that m. leprae can remain viable long-term in environmentally ubiquitous fla and retain virulence as assessed in the nu/nu mouse model. additionally,this work supports the idea that m. leprae might be sustained in the environment between hosts in fla and such residence in fla may provide a macrophage-like niche contributing to the higher-than-expected rate of leprosy transmission despite a significant decrease in human reservoirs due to mdt. © 2014 wheat et al.
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آدرس
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mycobacteria research laboratories,department of microbiology,immunology and pathology,colorado state university,fort collins,co, United States, mycobacteria research laboratories,department of microbiology,immunology and pathology,colorado state university,fort collins,co, United States, steris sa r&d,fontenay-aux-roses, France, mycobacteria research laboratories,department of microbiology,immunology and pathology,colorado state university,fort collins,co, United States, department of health & human services,hrsa,hsb,national hansen's disease programs,laboratory research branch,baton rouge,la,united states,school of veterinary medicine,louisiana state university,baton rouge,la, United States, department of health & human services,hrsa,hsb,national hansen's disease programs,laboratory research branch,baton rouge,la,united states,school of veterinary medicine,louisiana state university,baton rouge,la, United States, department of research and development,steris corporation,mentor,oh, United States, mycobacteria research laboratories,department of microbiology,immunology and pathology,colorado state university,fort collins,co, United States, mycobacteria research laboratories,department of microbiology,immunology and pathology,colorado state university,fort collins,co, United States, mycobacteria research laboratories,department of microbiology,immunology and pathology,colorado state university,fort collins,co, United States
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Authors
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