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Coordinately Co-opted Multiple Transposable Elements Constitute an Enhancer for wnt5a Expression in the Mammalian Secondary Palate
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نویسنده
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nishihara h. ,kobayashi n. ,kimura-yoshida c. ,yan k. ,bormuth o. ,ding q. ,nakanishi a. ,sasaki t. ,hirakawa m. ,sumiyama k. ,furuta y. ,tarabykin v. ,matsuo i. ,okada n.
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منبع
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plos genetics - 2016 - دوره : 12 - شماره : 10
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چکیده
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Acquisition of cis-regulatory elements is a major driving force of evolution,and there are several examples of developmental enhancers derived from transposable elements (tes). however,it remains unclear whether one enhancer element could have been produced via cooperation among multiple,yet distinct,tes during evolution. here we show that an evolutionarily conserved genomic region named as3_9 comprises three tes (amnsine1,x6b_dna and mer117),inserted side-by-side,and functions as a distal enhancer for wnt5a expression during morphogenesis of the mammalian secondary palate. functional analysis of each te revealed step-by-step retroposition/transposition and co-option together with acquisition of a binding site for msx1 for its full enhancer function during mammalian evolution. the present study provides a new perspective suggesting that a huge variety of tes,in combination,could have accelerated the diversity of cis-regulatory elements involved in morphological evolution. © 2016 nishihara et al.
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آدرس
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department of life science and technology,tokyo institute of technology,midori-ku,yokohama,kanagawa, Japan, department of life science and technology,tokyo institute of technology,midori-ku,yokohama,kanagawa,japan,school of life and environmental science,azabu university,sagamihara, Japan, osaka medical center and research institute for maternal and child health,osaka prefectural hospital organization,izumi,osaka, Japan, institute of cell biology and neurobiology,charité–universitätsmedizin berlin,berlin, Germany, institute of cell biology and neurobiology,charité–universitätsmedizin berlin,berlin, Germany, department of life science and technology,tokyo institute of technology,midori-ku,yokohama,kanagawa,japan,graduate school of frontier sciences,the university of tokyo,tokyo, Japan, department of life science and technology,tokyo institute of technology,midori-ku,yokohama,kanagawa,japan,bioscience and biotechnology center,nagoya university,nagoya, Japan, department of life science and technology,tokyo institute of technology,midori-ku,yokohama,kanagawa,japan,graduate school of human and animal-plant relationships,tokyo university of agriculture,atsugi-shi,kanagawa, Japan, bioinformatics center,institute for chemical research,kyoto university,gokasho,uji,kyoto,japan,communications and production sector,jt biohistory research hall,takatsuki,osaka, Japan, national institute of genetics,mishima,shizuoka,japan,laboratory for mouse genetic engineering,riken quantitative biology center, Japan, animal resource development unit,riken center for life science technologies,chuou-ku,kobe,japan,genetic engineering team,riken center for life science technologies,chuou-ku,kobe, Japan, institute of cell biology and neurobiology,charité–universitätsmedizin berlin,berlin, Germany, osaka medical center and research institute for maternal and child health,osaka prefectural hospital organization,izumi,osaka, Japan, department of life science and technology,tokyo institute of technology,midori-ku,yokohama,kanagawa,japan,department of life sciences,national cheng kung university,tainan,taiwan,foundation for advancement of international science,tsukuba, Japan
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Authors
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