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Early Developmental and Evolutionary Origins of Gene Body DNA Methylation Patterns in Mammalian Placentas
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نویسنده
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schroeder d.i. ,jayashankar k. ,douglas k.c. ,thirkill t.l. ,york d. ,dickinson p.j. ,williams l.e. ,samollow p.b. ,ross p.j. ,bannasch d.l. ,douglas g.c. ,lasalle j.m.
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منبع
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plos genetics - 2015 - دوره : 11 - شماره : 8
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چکیده
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Over the last 20-80 million years the mammalian placenta has taken on a variety of morphologies through both divergent and convergent evolution. recently we have shown that the human placenta genome has a unique epigenetic pattern of large partially methylated domains (pmds) and highly methylated domains (hmds) with gene body dna methylation positively correlating with level of gene expression. in order to determine the evolutionary conservation of dna methylation patterns and transcriptional regulatory programs in the placenta,we performed a genome-wide methylome (methylc-seq) analysis of human,rhesus macaque,squirrel monkey,mouse,dog,horse,and cow placentas as well as opossum extraembryonic membrane. we found that,similar to human placenta,mammalian placentas and opossum extraembryonic membrane have globally lower levels of methylation compared to somatic tissues. higher relative gene body methylation was the conserved feature across all mammalian placentas,despite differences in pmd/hmds and absolute methylation levels. specifically,higher methylation over the bodies of genes involved in mitosis,vesicle-mediated transport,protein phosphorylation,and chromatin modification was observed compared with the rest of the genome. as in human placenta,higher methylation is associated with higher gene expression and is predictive of genic location across species. analysis of dna methylation in oocytes and preimplantation embryos shows a conserved pattern of gene body methylation similar to the placenta. intriguingly,mouse and cow oocytes and mouse early embryos have pmd/hmds but their placentas do not,suggesting that pmd/hmds are a feature of early preimplantation methylation patterns that become lost during placental development in some species and following implantation of the embryo. © 2015 schroeder et al.
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آدرس
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department of medical microbiology and immunology,the university of california davis school of medicine,davis,ca,united states,university of california davis genome center,university of california davis,davis,ca,united states,university of california davis mind institute,university of california davis,sacramento,ca, United States, department of population health and reproduction,uc davis school of veterinary medicine,davis,ca, United States, department of veterinary integrative biosciences,texas a&m university,college station,tx, United States, department of cell biology and human anatomy,university of california davis school of medicine,davis,ca, United States, department of surgical and radiological sciences,university of california school of veterinary medicine,davis,ca, United States, department of surgical and radiological sciences,university of california school of veterinary medicine,davis,ca, United States, department of veterinary sciences,university of texas md anderson cancer center,bastrop,tx, United States, department of veterinary integrative biosciences,texas a&m university,college station,tx, United States, department of animal science,university of california davis,davis,ca, United States, department of population health and reproduction,uc davis school of veterinary medicine,davis,ca, United States, department of cell biology and human anatomy,university of california davis school of medicine,davis,ca, United States, department of medical microbiology and immunology,the university of california davis school of medicine,davis,ca,united states,university of california davis genome center,university of california davis,davis,ca,united states,university of california davis mind institute,university of california davis,sacramento,ca, United States
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Authors
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