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The Genomes of the Fungal Plant Pathogens Cladosporium fulvum and Dothistroma septosporum Reveal Adaptation to Different Hosts and Lifestyles But Also Signatures of Common Ancestry
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نویسنده
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de wit p.j.g.m. ,van der burgt a. ,ökmen b. ,stergiopoulos i. ,abd-elsalam k.a. ,aerts a.l. ,bahkali a.h. ,beenen h.g. ,chettri p. ,cox m.p. ,datema e. ,de vries r.p. ,dhillon b. ,ganley a.r. ,griffiths s.a. ,guo y. ,hamelin r.c. ,henrissat b. ,kabir m.s. ,jashni m.k. ,kema g. ,klaubauf s. ,lapidus a. ,levasseur a. ,lindquist e. ,mehrabi r. ,ohm r.a. ,owen t.j. ,salamov a. ,schwelm a. ,schijlen e. ,sun h. ,van den burg h.a. ,van ham r.c.h.j. ,zhang s. ,goodwin s.b. ,grigoriev i.v. ,collemare j. ,bradshaw r.e.
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منبع
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plos genetics - 2012 - دوره : 8 - شماره : 11
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چکیده
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We sequenced and compared the genomes of the dothideomycete fungal plant pathogens cladosporium fulvum (cfu) (syn. passalora fulva) and dothistroma septosporum (dse) that are closely related phylogenetically,but have different lifestyles and hosts. although both fungi grow extracellularly in close contact with host mesophyll cells,cfu is a biotroph infecting tomato,while dse is a hemibiotroph infecting pine. the genomes of these fungi have a similar set of genes (70% of gene content in both genomes are homologs),but differ significantly in size (cfu >61.1-mb; dse 31.2-mb),which is mainly due to the difference in repeat content (47.2% in cfu versus 3.2% in dse). recent adaptation to different lifestyles and hosts is suggested by diverged sets of genes. cfu contains an α-tomatinase gene that we predict might be required for detoxification of tomatine,while this gene is absent in dse. many genes encoding secreted proteins are unique to each species and the repeat-rich areas in cfu are enriched for these species-specific genes. in contrast,conserved genes suggest common host ancestry. homologs of cfu effector genes,including ecp2 and avr4,are present in dse and induce a cf-ecp2- and cf-4-mediated hypersensitive response,respectively. strikingly,genes involved in production of the toxin dothistromin,a likely virulence factor for dse,are conserved in cfu,but their expression differs markedly with essentially no expression by cfu in planta. likewise,cfu has a carbohydrate-degrading enzyme catalog that is more similar to that of necrotrophs or hemibiotrophs and a larger pectinolytic gene arsenal than dse,but many of these genes are not expressed in planta or are pseudogenized. overall,comparison of their genomes suggests that these closely related plant pathogens had a common ancestral host but since adapted to different hosts and lifestyles by a combination of differentiated gene content,pseudogenization,and gene regulation. © 2012 de wit et al.
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آدرس
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laboratory of phytopathology,wageningen university,wageningen,netherlands,centre for biosystems genomics,wageningen, Netherlands, laboratory of phytopathology,wageningen university,wageningen,netherlands,laboratory of bioinformatics,wageningen university,wageningen, Netherlands, laboratory of phytopathology,wageningen university,wageningen, Netherlands, laboratory of phytopathology,wageningen university,wageningen,netherlands,centre for biosystems genomics,wageningen,netherlands,department of plant pathology,university of california davis,davis,ca, United States, agricultural research center,plant pathology research institute,giza, Egypt, u.s. department of energy joint genome institute,walnut creek,ca, United States, king saud university,riyadh, Saudi Arabia, laboratory of phytopathology,wageningen university,wageningen, Netherlands, institute of molecular biosciences,massey university,palmerston north, New Zealand, institute of molecular biosciences,massey university,palmerston north, New Zealand, keygene n.v.,wageningen,netherlands,applied bioinformatics,plant research international,wageningen, Netherlands, cbs-knaw fungal biodiversity centre,utrecht, Netherlands, department of forest sciences,university of british columbia,vancouver, Canada, institute of natural sciences,massey university,albany, New Zealand, laboratory of phytopathology,wageningen university,wageningen, Netherlands, institute of molecular biosciences,massey university,palmerston north, New Zealand, department of forest sciences,university of british columbia,vancouver, Canada, cnrs and aix-marseille université,marseille, France, institute of molecular biosciences,massey university,palmerston north, New Zealand, laboratory of phytopathology,wageningen university,wageningen,netherlands,department of plant pathology,tarbiat modares university,tehran, ایران, department of bio-interactions,plant research international,wageningen, Netherlands, cbs-knaw fungal biodiversity centre,utrecht, Netherlands, u.s. department of energy joint genome institute,walnut creek,ca,united states,cancer genome institute,fox chase cancer center,philadelphia,pa, United States, inra,aix-marseille université,marseille, France, u.s. department of energy joint genome institute,walnut creek,ca, United States, laboratory of phytopathology,wageningen university,wageningen,netherlands,department of wheat breeding,seed and plant improvement institute,karaj, ایران, u.s. department of energy joint genome institute,walnut creek,ca, United States, institute of molecular biosciences,massey university,palmerston north,new zealand,university of northern british columbia,prince george, Canada, u.s. department of energy joint genome institute,walnut creek,ca, United States, institute of molecular biosciences,massey university,palmerston north,new zealand,department of plant biology and forest genetics,swedish university of agricultural sciences,uppsala, Sweden, department of bioscience,plant research international,wageningen, Netherlands, u.s. department of energy joint genome institute,walnut creek,ca, United States, laboratory of phytopathology,wageningen university,wageningen,netherlands,centre for biosystems genomics,wageningen,netherlands,swammerdam institute for life sciences,university of amsterdam,amsterdam, Netherlands, keygene n.v.,wageningen,netherlands,applied bioinformatics,plant research international,wageningen, Netherlands, institute of molecular biosciences,massey university,palmerston north,new zealand,industrial research limited,lower hutt, New Zealand, usda-ars/department of botany and plant pathology,purdue university,west lafayette,in, United States, u.s. department of energy joint genome institute,walnut creek,ca, United States, laboratory of phytopathology,wageningen university,wageningen,netherlands,centre for biosystems genomics,wageningen, Netherlands, institute of molecular biosciences,massey university,palmerston north, New Zealand
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Authors
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