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Free-living ciliates as potential reservoirs for eukaryotic parasites: Occurrence of a trypanosomatid in the macronucleus of Euplotes encysticus
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نویسنده
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fokin s.i. ,schrallhammer m. ,chiellini c. ,verni f. ,petroni g.
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منبع
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parasites and vectors - 2014 - دوره : 7 - شماره : 1
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چکیده
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Background: flagellates of the family trypanosomatidae are obligate endoparasites,which can be found in various hosts. several genera infect insects and occur as monoxenous parasites especially in representatives of diptera and hemiptera. these trypanosomatid flagellates probably share the worldwide distribution of their hosts,which are often infested by large numbers of endoparasites. traditionally,their taxonomy was based on morphology,host origin,and life cycle. here we report the characterization of a trypanosomatid infection detected in a protozoan,a ciliate collected from a polluted freshwater pond in a suburb of new delhi (india). methods. live observations and morphological studies applying light,fluorescence and transmission electron microscopy were conducted. molecular analyses of host and parasite were performed and used for phylogenetic reconstructions and species (host) or genus level (parasite) identification. results: although the morphological characteristics were not revealing,a high similarity of the trypanosomatids 18s rrna gene sequence to herpetomonas ztiplika and herpetomonas trimorpha (kinetoplastida,trypanosomatidae),both parasites of biting midges (culicoides kibunensis and culicoides truncorum,respectively) allowed the assignment to this genus. the majority of the host population displayed a heavy infection that significantly affected the shape of the host macronucleus,which was the main site of parasite localization. in addition,the growth rate of host cultures,identified as euplotes encysticus according to cell morphology and 18s rrna gene sequence,was severely impacted by the infection. conclusions: the host-parasite system described here represents a recent example of free-living protists acting as environmental reservoirs for parasitic eukaryotic microorganisms. © 2014 fokin et al.; licensee biomed central ltd.
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کلیدواژه
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Ciliophora; Endosymbiont; Euplotes encysticus; Herpetomonas; Host range; Leptomonas; Macronucleus; Parasite; Phytomonas; Protozoa
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آدرس
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department of biology,protistology-zoology unit,university of pisa,via a. volta 4/6,pisa 56126,italy,department of invertebrate zoology,st. petersburg state university,universitetskaya emb. 7/9,st. petersburg 198034, Russian Federation, microbiology institute of biology ii,university of freiburg,schänzlestraße 1,freiburg 79104,germany,institute of hydrobiology,technische universität dresden,zellescher weg 40,dresden 01217, Germany, department of biology,protistology-zoology unit,university of pisa,via a. volta 4/6,pisa 56126,italy,consiglio per la ricerca e la sperimentazione in agricoltura,centro di ricerca per l'agrobiologia e pedologia,piazza d'azeglio 30,florence 50121, Italy, department of biology,protistology-zoology unit,university of pisa,via a. volta 4/6,pisa 56126, Italy, department of biology,protistology-zoology unit,university of pisa,via a. volta 4/6,pisa 56126, Italy
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Authors
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