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Activated microglia contribute to neuronal apoptosis in Toxoplasmic encephalitis
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نویسنده
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zhang y.-h. ,chen h. ,chen y. ,wang l. ,cai y.-h. ,li m. ,wen h.-q. ,du j. ,an r. ,luo q.-l. ,wang x.-l. ,lun z.-r. ,xu y.-h. ,shen j.-l.
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منبع
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parasites and vectors - 2014 - دوره : 7 - شماره : 1
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چکیده
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Background: a plethora of evidence shows that activated microglia play a critical role in the pathogenesis of the central nervous system (cns). toxoplasmic encephalitis (te) frequently occurs in hiv/aids patients. however,knowledge remains limited on the contributions of activated microglia to the pathogenesis of te. methods. a murine model of reactivated encephalitis was generated in a latent infection with toxoplasma gondii induced by cyclophosphamide. the neuronal apoptosis in the cns and the profile of pro-inflammatory cytokines were assayed in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. results: microglial cells were found to be activated in the cortex and hippocampus in the brain tissues of mice. the in vivo expression of interleukin-6 (il-6),interleukin-1β (il-1β),tumor necrosis factor-(tnf),and inducible nitric oxide synthase (inos) were up-regulated in te mice,and accordingly,the neuronal apoptosis was significantly increased. the results were positively correlated with those of the in vitro experiments. additionally,apoptosis of the mouse neuroblastoma type neuro2a (n2a) remarkably increased when the n2a was co-cultured in transwell with microglial cells and toxoplasma tachyzoites. both in vivo and in vitro experiments showed that minocycline (a microglia inhibitor) treatment notably reduced microglial activation and neuronal apoptosis. conclusions: activated microglia contribute to neuronal apoptosis in te and inhibition of microglia activation might represent a novel therapeutic strategy of te. © 2014 zhang et al.; licensee biomed central ltd.
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کلیدواژه
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Microglia; Minocycline; Neuronal apoptosis; Toxoplasmic encephalitis
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آدرس
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key laboratory of zoonoses and pathogen biology anhui,department of parasitology,anhui medical university,hefei, China, key laboratory of zoonoses and pathogen biology anhui,department of parasitology,anhui medical university,hefei,china,clinical laboratory,first affiliated hospital of anhui medical university,hefei,anhui, China, clinical laboratory,first affiliated hospital of anhui medical university,hefei,anhui, China, key laboratory of zoonoses and pathogen biology anhui,department of parasitology,anhui medical university,hefei, China, key laboratory of zoonoses and pathogen biology anhui,department of parasitology,anhui medical university,hefei, China, key laboratory of zoonoses and pathogen biology anhui,department of parasitology,anhui medical university,hefei, China, key laboratory of zoonoses and pathogen biology anhui,department of parasitology,anhui medical university,hefei,china,department of blood transfusion,first affiliated hospital of anhui medical university,hefei,anhui, China, department of biochemistry and molecular biology,school of basic medicine,anhui medical university,hefei, China, department of biochemistry and molecular biology,school of basic medicine,anhui medical university,hefei, China, key laboratory of zoonoses and pathogen biology anhui,department of parasitology,anhui medical university,hefei, China, key laboratory of zoonoses and pathogen biology anhui,department of parasitology,anhui medical university,hefei, China, state key laboratory of biocontrol,school of life sciences,sun yat-sen university,guangzhou, China, clinical laboratory,first affiliated hospital of anhui medical university,hefei,anhui, China, key laboratory of zoonoses and pathogen biology anhui,department of parasitology,anhui medical university,hefei, China
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Authors
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