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Standardized Assessment of Biodiversity Trends in Tropical Forest Protected Areas: the End Is Not in Sight
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نویسنده
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beaudrot l. ,ahumada j.a. ,o’brien t. ,alvarez-loayza p. ,boekee k. ,campos-arceiz a. ,eichberg d. ,espinosa s. ,fegraus e. ,fletcher c. ,gajapersad k. ,hallam c. ,hurtado j. ,jansen p.a. ,kumar a. ,larney e. ,lima m.g.m. ,mahony c. ,martin e.h. ,mcwilliam a. ,mugerwa b. ,ndoundou-hockemba m. ,razafimahaimodison j.c. ,romero-saltos h. ,rovero f. ,salvador j. ,santos f. ,sheil d. ,spironello w.r. ,willig m.r. ,winarni n.l. ,zvoleff a. ,andelman s.j.
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منبع
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plos biology - 2016 - دوره : 14 - شماره : 1
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چکیده
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Extinction rates in the anthropocene are three orders of magnitude higher than background and disproportionately occur in the tropics,home of half the world’s species. despite global efforts to combat tropical species extinctions,lack of high-quality,objective information on tropical biodiversity has hampered quantitative evaluation of conservation strategies. in particular,the scarcity of population-level monitoring in tropical forests has stymied assessment of biodiversity outcomes,such as the status and trends of animal populations in protected areas. here,we evaluate occupancy trends for 511 populations of terrestrial mammals and birds,representing 244 species from 15 tropical forest protected areas on three continents. for the first time to our knowledge,we use annual surveys from tropical forests worldwide that employ a standardized camera trapping protocol,and we compute data analytics that correct for imperfect detection. we found that occupancy declined in 22%,increased in 17%,and exhibited no change in 22% of populations during the last 3–8 years,while 39% of populations were detected too infrequently to assess occupancy changes. despite extensive variability in occupancy trends,these 15 tropical protected areas have not exhibited systematic declines in biodiversity (i.e.,occupancy,richness,or evenness) at the community level. our results differ from reports of widespread biodiversity declines based on aggregated secondary data and expert opinion and suggest less extreme deterioration in tropical forest protected areas. we simultaneously fill an important conservation data gap and demonstrate the value of large-scale monitoring infrastructure and powerful analytics,which can be scaled to incorporate additional sites,ecosystems,and monitoring methods. in an era of catastrophic biodiversity loss,robust indicators produced from standardized monitoring infrastructure are critical to accurately assess population outcomes and identify conservation strategies that can avert biodiversity collapse. © 2016 beaudrot et al.
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آدرس
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moore center for science,conservation international,arlington,va, United States, moore center for science,conservation international,arlington,va, United States, wildlife conservation society,bronx,ny, United States, center for tropical conservation,duke university,durham,nc, United States, department of environmental sciences,wageningen university,wageningen, Netherlands, school of geography,mindset interdisciplinary centre for tropical environmental studies,university of nottingham malaysia campus,selangor, Malaysia, hp sustainability,hp inc.,palo alto,ca, United States, escuela de ciencias biológicas,pontificia universidad católica del ecuador,quito, Ecuador, moore center for science,conservation international,arlington,va, United States, forest research institute malaysia,kepong,selangor, Malaysia, conservation international suriname,paramaribo, Suriname, wildlife conservation society—lao pdr program,vientiane, Laos, organization for tropical studies,la selva biological station,puerto viejo de sarapiqui, Costa Rica, department of environmental sciences,wageningen university,wageningen,netherlands,center for tropical forest science,smithsonian tropical research institute, Panama, enterprise services,hewlett packard enterprise,palo alto,ca, United States, centre valbio,ranomafana,madagascar,stony brook university,stony brook,ny, United States, universidade federal do pará,museu paraense emílio goeldi,belém,pará, Brazil, hewlett packard enterprise big data,palo alto,ca, United States, udzungwa ecological monitoring centre,udzungwa mountains national park,tanzania,sokoine university of agriculture,morogoro, Tanzania, wildlife conservation society—lao pdr program,vientiane, Laos, institute of tropical forest conservation (itfc),mbarara university of science and technology (must),mbarara,uganda,department of biology,western university,london,on,canada,wildlife conservation research unit (wildcru),university of oxford,oxford, United Kingdom, wildlife conservation society—congo program,brazzaville, Congo, centre valbio,ranomafana, Madagascar, department of biology,yachay tech university,urcuquí,imbabura, Ecuador, udzungwa ecological monitoring centre,udzungwa mountains national park,tanzania,tropical biodiversity,muse—museo delle scienze,trento, Italy, department of wildlife ecology and conservation,university of florida,gainesville,fl, United States, universidade federal do pará,museu paraense emílio goeldi,belém,pará, Brazil, department of ecology and natural (ina) resource management,norwegian university of life sciences (nmbu),ås,norway,center for international forestry research,bogor, Indonesia, national institute for amazonian research (inpa),manaus,amazonas, Brazil, department of ecology & evolutionary biology and center for environmental sciences & engineering,university of connecticut,storrs,ct, United States, research center for climate change,university of indonesia,depok, Indonesia, moore center for science,conservation international,arlington,va, United States, moore center for science,conservation international,arlington,va, United States
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Authors
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