|
|
|
|
Global human footprint on the linkage between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in reef fishes
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
نویسنده
|
mora c. ,aburto-oropeza o. ,ayala-bocos a. ,ayotte p.m. ,banks s. ,bauman a.g. ,beger m. ,bessudo s. ,booth d.j. ,brokovich e. ,brooks a. ,chabanet p. ,cinner j.e. ,cortés j. ,cruz-motta j.j. ,cupul-magaña a. ,demartini e.e. ,edgar g.j. ,feary d.a. ,ferse s.c.a. ,friedlander a.m. ,gaston k.j. ,gough c. ,graham n.a.j. ,green a. ,guzman h. ,hardt m. ,kulbicki m. ,letourneur y. ,ĺpez-pérez a. ,loreau m. ,loya y. ,martinez c. ,mascareñas-osorio i. ,morove t. ,nadon m.-o. ,nakamura y. ,paredes g. ,polunin n.v.c. ,pratchett m.s. ,reyes bonilla h. ,rivera f. ,sala e. ,sandin s.a. ,soler g. ,stuart-smith r. ,tessier e. ,tittensor d.p. ,tupper m. ,usseglio p. ,vigliola l. ,wantiez l. ,williams i. ,wilson s.k. ,zapata f.a.
|
|
منبع
|
plos biology - 2011 - دوره : 9 - شماره : 4
|
|
چکیده
|
Difficulties in scaling up theoretical and experimental results have raised controversy over the consequences of biodiversity loss for the functioning of natural ecosystems. using a global survey of reef fish assemblages,we show that in contrast to previous theoretical and experimental studies,ecosystem functioning (as measured by standing biomass) scales in a non-saturating manner with biodiversity (as measured by species and functional richness) in this ecosystem. our field study also shows a significant and negative interaction between human population density and biodiversity on ecosystem functioning (i.e.,for the same human density there were larger reductions in standing biomass at more diverse reefs). human effects were found to be related to fishing,coastal development,and land use stressors,and currently affect over 75% of the world's coral reefs. our results indicate that the consequences of biodiversity loss in coral reefs have been considerably underestimated based on existing knowledge and that reef fish assemblages,particularly the most diverse,are greatly vulnerable to the expansion and intensity of anthropogenic stressors in coastal areas. © 2011 mora et al.
|
|
|
|
|
آدرس
|
department of biology,dalhousie university,halifax,ns, Canada, center for marine biodiversity and conservation,scripps institution of oceanography,la jolla,ca, United States, departamento de biologia marina,universidad autónoma de baja california sur,la paz, Mexico, university of hawaii joint institute for marine and atmospheric research,honolulu,hi,united states,coral reef ecosystem division,national oceanic and atmospheric administration pacific islands fisheries science center,honolulu,hi, United States, marine research and conservation,charles darwin foundation,galapagos islands, Ecuador, institute for water,environment and health,united nations university,hamilton,on,canada,australian research council centre of excellence for coral reef studies,james cook university,townsville,qld, Australia, commonwealth centre for applied environmental decision analysis,the school of biological sciences,university of queensland,brisbane,qld, Australia, fundación malpelo y otros ecosistemas marinos,parques nacionales naturales de colombia,bogota, Colombia, school of the environment,university of technology,sydney,nsw, Australia, department of zoology,tel-aviv university,tel-aviv, Israel, coastal research center,marine science institute,university of california,santa barbara,ca, United States, institut de recherche pour le développement,reunion island, France, australian research council centre of excellence for coral reef studies,james cook university,townsville,qld, Australia, centro de investigación en ciencias del mar y limnología,universidad de costa rica,san josé, Costa Rica, departamento de estudios ambientales,universidad simón bolívar,caracas, Venezuela, departamento de ciencias biológicas,centro universitario de la costa,universidad de guadalajara,puerto vallarta, Mexico, fisheries research and monitoring division,pacific islands fisheries science center,national oceanic and atmospheric administration,honolulu,hi,united states,hawaii institute of marine biology,university of hawaii,kaneohe,hi, United States, institute of marine and antarctic studies,university of tasmania,tasmania, Australia, institute for water,environment and health,united nations university,hamilton,on,canada,school of the environment,university of technology,sydney,nsw, Australia, leibniz center for tropical marine ecology,bremen, Germany, department of zoology,university of hawaii,honolulu,hi, United States, biodiversity and macroecology group,department of animal and plant sciences,university of sheffield,sheffield, United Kingdom, blue ventures,london, United Kingdom, australian research council centre of excellence for coral reef studies,james cook university,townsville,qld, Australia, the nature conservancy,south brisbane,qld, Australia, smithsonian tropical research institute,panama city, Panama, center for marine biodiversity and conservation,scripps institution of oceanography,la jolla,ca, United States, institut de recherche pour le développement,c/o université de perpignan,perpignan, France, laboratoire insulaire du vivant et de l'environnement,université de la nouvelle-calédonie,nouméa cedex,new caledonia,laboratoire d'ecologie marine,université de la réunion,saint-denis messageries, France, instituto de recursos,universidad del mar,oaxaca, Mexico, department of biology,mcgill university,montreal,qc, Canada, department of zoology,tel-aviv university,tel-aviv, Israel, secretaría nacional de planificación y desarrollo,quito, Ecuador, centro de investigaciones biológicas del noroeste,universidad autónoma de baja california sur,la paz, Mexico, papua new guinea marine program,wildlife conservation society,kavieng, Papua New Guinea, university of hawaii joint institute for marine and atmospheric research,honolulu,hi,united states,coral reef ecosystem division,national oceanic and atmospheric administration pacific islands fisheries science center,honolulu,hi, United States, graduate school of kuroshio science,kochi university,kochi, Japan, centro para la biodiversidad marina y conservación del golfo de california,san diego,ca, United States, marine science and technology,newcastle university,newcastle, United Kingdom, australian research council centre of excellence for coral reef studies,james cook university,townsville,qld, Australia, departamento de biologia marina,universidad autónoma de baja california sur,la paz, Mexico, instituto nazca de investigaciones marinas,quito, Ecuador, centre d'estudis avançats de blanes,blanes,spain,national geographic society,district of columbia wa, United States, center for marine biodiversity and conservation,scripps institution of oceanography,la jolla,ca, United States, fundación malpelo y otros ecosistemas marinos,parques nacionales naturales de colombia,bogota, Colombia, institute of marine and antarctic studies,university of tasmania,tasmania, Australia, réserve naturelle marine de la réunion,reunion island, France, department of biology,dalhousie university,halifax,ns,canada,united nations environment programme world conservation monitoring centre,cambridge,united kingdom,microsoft research computational science laboratory,cambridge, United Kingdom, the worldfish center,penang, Malaysia, institute for water,environment and health,united nations university,hamilton,on,canada,department of zoology,university of hawaii,honolulu,hi, United States, institut de recherche pour le développement,nouméa cedex, New Caledonia, laboratoire insulaire du vivant et de l'environnement,université de la nouvelle-calédonie,nouméa cedex,new caledonia,aquarium des lagons,nouméa cedex, New Caledonia, university of hawaii joint institute for marine and atmospheric research,honolulu,hi,united states,coral reef ecosystem division,national oceanic and atmospheric administration pacific islands fisheries science center,honolulu,hi, United States, marine science program,department of environment and conservation,kensington,wa, Australia, departamento de biología,universidad del valle,cali, Colombia
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Authors
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|