تحلیل جایگاه خسارات معنوی در لایحه ارتقای امنیت زنان دربرابر سوءرفتار

بی‌شک لایحه «پیشگیری از آسیب‌دیدگی زنان و ارتقای امنیت آنان دربرابر سوءرفتار» رویکردی مثبت درجهت احقاق حقوق تضییع‌شده بانوان است؛ چراکه با بازنگری در نسخه اولیه و اصلاح واژه خشونت به «سوءرفتار»، علاوه‌بر زیان‌های جسمی، به خسارات و زیان‌های معنوی هم توجه شده است؛ اما ابهام واژه «سوءرفتار» در این لایحه و عدم ارائه تعریف دقیق ازآن موجب شده، برخی از مصادیق سوءرفتار که ناظربه حقوق معنوی بانوان است، شناسایی و جرم‌انگاری نشود و همین امر سبب شده است تا اقدامات پیشگیرانه و حمایتیِ موضوع این لایحه همه موقعیت‌های آسیب‌زا را دربر نگیرد. ازاین‌رو در این مقاله اَشکال جدید سوءرفتار شناسایی شده، و نقش حمایتی و پیشگیرانه که در این لایحه مغفول مانده، ارزیابی شده است. طبق یافته‌های پژوهش برخی از تدابیر پیشگیرانه درخصوص خسارات معنوی واردشده، نیاز به بازنگری مقنن و تقویت بیشتر دارد تا جنبه بازدارندگی افزایش یابد. علاوه‌براین لازم است برخی دیگر از زیان‌هایی که حقوق معنوی بانوان را نشانه می‌رود، جرم‌انگاری و حمایت شوند.

analysis of the position of moral damages in the bill to promote women’s security against abuse

the bill preventing women’s injuries and improving their security against abuse which was previously referred to the social commission of the islamic council under the title of ensuring women’s security against violence bill; it was approved in the 20th meeting of april 1402. undoubtedly, this bill is a positive approach towards the realization of the violated rights of women, because by revising the original version and modifying the word violence to mistreatment, it caused spiritual damages to be taken into consideration in addition to physical damages. however, since abuse is a vague and floating term, not only is it not defined precisely in the bill, but also some examples of abuse, which refer to women’s moral rights, have not been identified and criminalized, and this has caused preventive and protective measures. the subject of this bill does not include all traumatic situations. with this article, we are trying to identify new forms of misbehavior and evaluate the protective and preventive role that is neglected in this bill according to experts. in this article, which is written in descriptive and analytical method, new examples of misbehavior based on moral damages have been identified and the support methods specified in the bill have been criticized. however, since abuse is a vague and floating term, not only is it not defined precisely in the bill, but also some examples of abuse, which refer to women’s moral rights, have not been identified and criminalized, and this has caused preventive and protective measures. the subject of this bill does not include all traumatic situations. with this article, we are trying to identify new forms of misbehavior and evaluate the protective and preventive role that is neglected in this bill according to experts. in this article, which is written in descriptive and analytical method, new examples of misbehavior based on moral damages have been identified and the support methods specified in the bill have been criticized.