The isolation of pre-adipocytes from dairy cow adipose tissue and the development of pre-adipocytes into mature adipocytes

Serious lipid mobilization in adipose tissue of dairy cow is the pathological basis of ketosis and fatty liver. many studies demonstrated that pre-adipocytes are unstable and can differentiate into multiple cells in vitro. the aim of this study was to investigate the differentiation process of dairy cow pre-adipocytes and to establish a stable pre-adipocyte induction method. pre-adipocytes were isolated from dairy cow adipose tissue and were cultured for 15 days. the originally rounded cells converted to a spindle fibroblast-like morphology and accumulated lipids during culturing. the lipid droplets and tg content in the adipocytes gradually increased from 4 to 15 days in culture. the adipocytes reached maximal proliferation after 11 days in culture. additionally,the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ2 (pparγ2) and sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c (srebp-1c) increased during the initial 4 days of differentiation and decreased thereafter. however,the level of srebp-1c increased after 10 days of differentiation. the pparγ2 and srebp-1c proteins levels were significantly higher on day 13 than on day 0. pparγ2 and srebp-1c were primarily localized to the cytoplasm on day 0 and to the cytoplasm and nucleus on day 13. in conclusion,a stable dairy cow preadipocyte culture was established,and srebp-1c and pparγ2 were increased during (demonstrated to be involved in) pre-adipocyte differentiation. isolated adipocytes can be used as a cellular model to elucidate the process of lipogenesis in dairy cows and to further investigate metabolic diseases. ©2015 pvj.