Bacteriological analysis of siran river system for fecal contamination and metallo-β-lactamase blaNDM-1 gene

Musa ka musalla glacier is situated in the allai,manshera district,khyber pakhtunkhwa,pakistan (34.713678,73.360806). there were 20 different water samples sites moving downstream from the glacier,which is the source of river siran,during winter,summer and monsoon seasons taken for the analysis of water quality destruction in sense of total viable count,total coliform count,fecal coliform count,fecal e.coli count,which are indicator organisms of fecal contamination,as well as the prevalence and distribution of mbl blandm-1 producing gram negative bacteria. total viable counts were found in the range of 3×102 to 40×102 cfu/ml in winter,5×102 to 45×102 cfu/ml in summer and 2×102 to 40×102 cfu/ml in monsoon. the range of mpn 100 ml-1 for total coliform was found 11-2400,150-2400 and 80-2400,for fecal coliform,it was 3-700,2-900,2-800 and for fecal e.coli,it was 1-300,2-450 and 1-400 in winter,summer and monsoon,respectively. while,out of total 20 samples from different sites 07 were positive to mbl producing gram negative bacteria and among 07 only 03 isolates including dadar (u-4),shinkiari (m-10) and khaki (m-13) were blandm-1 positive. the overall objective of this work is to examine the incidence of these indicator organisms,coliforms,fecal coliforms,fecal e.coli and as well as blandm-1 gene occurrence in isolates in runoff of the musa ka musalla glacier,khyber pakhtunkhwa,pakistan. copyright © 2014 zoological society of pakistan.