Resistance status of musca domestica L. populations to neonicotinoids and insect growth regulators in Pakistan poultry facilities

House flies,musca domestica l. (diptera: muscidae) are mechanical vectors of many diseases on poultry facilities and have the ability to develop resistance to different insecticides. the aim of the present study was to assess the resistance status of house flies to neonicotinoids and insect growth regulators (igr) from poultry facility populations in punjab,pakistan. m. domestica populations from five poultry facilities were studied for their resistance status to selected neonicotinoids and igrs. for three neonicotinoids,the range of resistance ratio was 4.9-16-fold for acetamiprid,2-14-fold for imidacloprid and 9.7-35-fold for nitenpyram when compared with the susceptible population. for four igrs,the range of resistance ratio was 0.3-6.6-fold for pyriproxyfen,0.8-18-fold for cyromazine,1-22-fold for lufenuron and 1-14-fold for methoxyfenozide. positive significant correlations were found among the toxicities of acetamiprid,nitenpyram and cyromazine. regular insecticide resistance monitoring and integrated management plans on poultry facilities are required to prevent resistance development,field control failures and environmental pollution. copyright 2015 zoological society of pakistan.