Epidemiological aspects of bovine tick infestation in the river Ravi region,Lahore

A total of 1258 bovines (n =726 cattle; n =532 buffaloes),positive for ticks,were included in the study to check determinants of tick infestation. hyalomma was significantly (p<0.05) the most prevalent tick genus 71.9 and 62.03%,followed by boophilus 22.04 and 28.57% and mixed infection 6.06 and 9.4% in cattle and buffaloes,respectively. mild tick infestation (1-20 ticks/animal) was found significantly (p< 0.05) high,followed by moderate (21-50 ticks/animal) and high tick infestation (>50 ticks/animal) in bovines. in cattle,crossbreds were significantly (p<0.05) the most affected,followed by sahiwal,cholistani,holstein friesian and non-descript,respectively,while in buffaloes,non-descriptive breed was more affected than nili ravi. females were significantly (p<0.05) the most affected gender than males in bovines. calves were significantly (p<0.05) the most affected age group in both,followed by adult,young and old,respectively in cattle,while followed by young,adult and old,respectively in buffaloes. udder was significantly (p<0.05) the highest tick infested site in both,followed by inner thighs,perineum,legs and tail,and neck,respectively in cattle,while followed by neck,tail,perineum,inner thighs,legs,and back and ears,respectively in buffaloes. summer was significantly (p<0.05) the most tick favorable season,followed by winter,spring and autumn,respectively in bovines. copyright 2016 zoological society of pakistan.