Biological activities of Rubus fruticosus L. Collected from Dir (L),Pakistan

Rubus fruticosus l. (rosaceae) is an important medicinal plant used by the indigenous communities of dir valley to treat various disorders. the present study was designed to rationalize the traditional uses of extract of this plant for analgesic and anti-inflammatory capacity. formalin induced inflammation in mice and carrageenan induced inflammation in rats were used to evaluate anti-inflammatory activity. dose dependent anti-inflammatory effects were observed for both fruit and leaves extract of r. fruticosus. leaves extract exhibited different mode of inhibition however the extract of fruit exhibited the same inhibition in both phases of formalin test. the root and stem extracts did not exhibit significant anti-inflammatory effect. the pain-reduction capacity in paw edema test by r. fruticosus various extracts followed the order; leaves > fruit > root > stem. leaves and fruit exhibited higher analgesic effect compared to root and stem extracts of r. fruticosus in hot plate,tail flick and writhing test. our results support the traditional use of this plant as analgesic and anti-inflammatory remedy. © 2015,pakistan botanical society. all rights reserved.