volatile compounds variation and phytochemicals of leaf and stem of dorema ammoniacum d. don. wild populations

Background: dorema ammoniacum d. don. is an important perennial medicinal plant which is belonging to the apiaceae family. objective: we aimed to compere essential oils (eos) and antioxidant activity along with other phytochemical properties of dorema ammoniacum of different populations. methods: leaves and stems of 10 populations ofd. ammoniacum were collected from jiroft, shahrood, garmsar, kerend, birjand, kashmar, bardaskan, bafq, mehriz and neyriz. the essential oil contents were investigated with gas chromatography techniques and compared with the commercial gum-resin essential oil. results: the eo yield of d. ammoniacum were 0.2-0.3 (stem and leaf) and 1.0 (gum) v/w %, respectively. essential oils from different organs showed some variation that was correlated to the plant part but also similarities in the eo profiles were easily observed. the major compounds in the eo of gum were (2e,6e)-farnesol, cuparene, (2z,6z)-farnesol and β-bisabolene. endo-fenchyl acetate, p-cymen-8-ol, cuparene, and β-bisabolene were identified in stem and leaf oil. analysis of variance of phytochemical characteristics showed that there was a significant difference among all extracts of d. ammoniacum in terms of the antioxidant activity (aa), total tannin content (ttc), saponin, total phenol content (tpc) and total flavonoid content (p ≤ 0.01). conclusion: gum essential oil composition resembles more to leaf-derived d. ammoniacum oil. this study provides new insights into the antioxidant capacity and other phytochemical properties of d. ammoniacum.