Nanofluid heat transfer and entropy generation through a heat exchanger considering a new turbulator and CuO nanoparticles

in this research, a numerical macroscopic approach has been employed to analyze nanofluid entropy generation and turbulent flow through a circular heat exchanger with an innovative swirl flow device. a homogenous model was considered for nanofluid. minimizing entropy generation can be considered as a very important goal for designing a heat exchanger, so we focus on this factor in the present attempt. simulations were presented to show the influences of the geometric parameter (revolution angle) and inlet velocity on hydrothermal and second-law treatment. related correlations for thermal and frictional entropy parameters as well as bejan number have been presented. outputs reveal that augmenting revolution angle increases the frictional entropy generation. increasing secondary flows leads to a reduction in thermal entropy generation due to a decrement in thermal boundary layer thickness. by improving convective flow, bejan number reduces.