Analysis of the effects of inhibitor and activator systems (smad's proteins) of TGF-βs on chick neural tube closure [Tavuk Nöral Tüp Kapanmasinda TGF-βs Inhibitör ve Aktivatör Sisteminin (Smad's Proteinleri) Etkilerinin Araştirilmasi]

The families of tgf-βs and smads proteins that controls its intracellular signaling pathways are known to play a role in early neurulation. the aim of this study is to demonstrate distribution of tgf-βs (1,2,3) and smads (1/2/3,6,7) proteins as a system in different hours of neural tube development of chick embryos. the spf eggs were incubated at 37.8±2°c for 24th,30th,48th,72nd h. after that,embryos were examined using immunohistochemistry and western blotting techniques. to the results,tgf-βs immunoreactivities (particularly tgf-β3) at the 24th,30th and 48th h of chick development (during neural tube closure) were determined and decreased at the 72nd h (after neural tube closure),but expressions of tgf-βs were detected in all stage of embryos in western blotting. while smad 1/2/3 immunoreactivitiy and expression was less than that of the smad 6 and 7 at the 24th,it was increased at the 30th h. smads proteins immunoreactivities were decresead at the 72nd h. in conclusion,the members of tgf-βs are play a role in chick neural tube closure,the secretions of tgf-βs are controlled different smad proteins. in addition,immunoblotting results showed that tgf-βs and smads proteins were effective in the development of all tissues and organs of the embryos.