Application of nano-baskets and hyphenated emulsion liquid membrane-nuclear magnetic resonance (ELM-NMR) in metabolomics of rat serum

A novel approach for metabolite extraction and fingerprinting was introduced based upon application of nano-baskets of calix[4]arene in emulsion liquid membrane-nuclear magnetic resonance (elm-nmr) technique. the objective of this method is introducing novel applications of nano-baskets,optimizing the fingerprints,minimizing the metabolic variation from analysis,increasing the likelihood differences,and obtaining the maximum extraction yield. low molecular weight metabolites in rat serum were recovered by elms using eight nano-baskets of calixarene as emulsifier and carrier. the yields of elms were optimized by the method of one-at-a-time. according to nmr data,the maximum metabolic variation was achieved using scaffold 4 (4 wt%),n-decane membrane,stirring rate of 300 rpm,treat and phase ratios of 0.3 and 0.8,respectively. referring to nmr spectrum,the results revealed that other calixarenes tend to extract non-specific macromolecules and the repeatability of fingerprints was more for 7-mediated elm and was minimum for 3-mediated elm. the yield of extractions was obtained to be higher for n-decane and lower for carbon tetrachloride. using different membrane types,the fingerprints by chlorinated liquid membranes were more repeatable than toluene or n-decane.