Physiochemical study of ground water quality of Quaid-E-Azam industrial estate,Kot Lakhpat Lahore-Pakistan

Environmental concerns regarding contamination of ground water due to the presence of different elements is of great importance. study of ground water quality is an essential parameter for healthy population of quaid-e-azam industrial estate (kot lakhpat area). the measurements of ground water quality parameters were found in the following ranges such as ph 7.16-7.43,turbidity 5.0-6.4 n.t.u,conductivity 703-2141 μs/cm,tds 492-1499,hardness 80-380,total alkalinity 300-500,chloride 21-192,sulphate 80-450,phosphate 0.1-2.2,fluoride 0.04-0.08,iron <0.01,nitrite <0.01,nitrate 0.01-0.04,zinc 0.01-1.6 ppm respectively. the concentration of essential metal ions (na,k,ca and mg) was found to be in range of 119-366,4-6,16-56 and 10-58 ppm respectively. results of this study showed that ground water of the particular research area was characterized by good quality of water except some slight variations due to industrial activity.