Input of isosteric and bioisosteric approach in drug design

Bioisosterism has unique relevance in the field of pharmaceutical sciences and is conducted to curtail side effects or to alter the biological activity of a lead molecule. in the biomedical field,the aim of exchanging one bioisostere for another is to boost the preferred pharmacological,biological or physical qualities of a substance without making substantial changes in the chemical skeleton. a vital feature of medicinal chemistry has been to ascertain a correlation between chemical skeleton of drugs and their physicochemical properties and in turn such properties modify the pharmacological properties and consequently the therapeutic response of drugs. drugs with analogous structures often are liable to have comparable pharmacological properties. the present review highlights the vital role of bioisosterism as a special approach of structural modification and optimization process in drug design programme with clear 2d and 3d structural drawings.