Fresh Palm Oil Improves Impaired Renal Function in Phenylhydrazine-Induced Anaemic Wistar Rats Via Its Anti-Anaemic Effect and Modulation of Expressions of Pro-Oxidant/Antioxidants, Inflammatory Cytokines and Caspase-3 in the Kidneys

Introduction: phenylhydrazine (phz)-induced anaemia is associated with oxidative damage to erythrocytes and impaired renal function. fresh palm oil (fpo) is a rich source of antioxidants and preserves renal function. this study investigated the possible reno-protective effects of fpo in phz-induced anaemic wistar rats. methods: eighteen male wistar rats were randomly assigned into normal control (nc), anaemic control (ac; 60mg/kg of phz) and anaemic treated (a+fpo; 60mg/kg of phz + 15% fpo diet) groups. phz was administered twice consecutively at 48h interval while fpo diet was given throughout the study period (14 days). results: erythrocyte count, haemoglobin concentration and haematocrit were increased in a+fpo compared with ac. fpo improved imbalances in the levels of glucose and electrolytes (na+, cl-, k+, hco3-) in serum and urine of the anaemic rats. urea and creatinine concentrations were decreased in serum and increased in urine in the a+fpo relative to ac. proteinuria was decreased in a+fpo compared with ac. the levels of malondialdehyde, proinflammatory cytokines and caspase-3 were down-regulated in a+fpo compared with ac while interleukin-10 concentration, enzymatic antioxidants activities and total antioxidant capacity were up-regulated in a+fpo compared with ac. conclusion: fpo demonstrated anti-anaemic effect and improved the impaired renal function associated with phz-induced anaemia.