Self-Consistent Hot Spot Tracing Particles By Kinetic Simulations: With the Emphasis on Cusp Particle Entry

One of the most important advantages of particle simulation as compared to fluid simulation is the capacity for working with and tracing particles. in particle simulations, the test particle method is usually used to get some idea of the behavior of plasma or other substances. in this method, first, a small number of particles are injected into the frame of static electromagnetic fields. then, movement of particles is investigated using the pattern of the electromagnetic fields. this method is useful; however, as it is needed to work with non self-consistent fields, it lacks precision. in this work, we adapted the particle simulations method, adding the flexibility of working with self-consistent fields that come directly from the simulation. here we have tried to investigate particle entry from the solar wind with northward interplanetary magnetic field (imf) to the magnetospheric cusp. here we tried to trace several particles to the high altitude cusp in a self-consistent manner. to benchmark the self-consistent tracing, we compared our results and the results of test particle method with the observational data from cluster satellite.