Cannabis and its derivatives: Review of medical use

Background: use of cannabis is often an under-reported activity in our society. despite legal restriction,cannabis is often used to relieve chronic and neuropathic pain,and it carries psychotropic and physical adverse effects with a propensity for addiction. this article aims to update the current knowledge and evidence of using cannabis and its derivatives with a view to the sociolegal context and perspectives for future research. methods: cannabis use can be traced back to ancient cultures and still continues in our present society despite legal curtailment. the active ingredient,δ9- tetrahydrocannabinol,accounts for both the physical and psychotropic effects of cannabis. though clinical trials demonstrate benefits in alleviating chronic and neuropathic pain,there is also significant potential physical and psychotropic side-effects of cannabis. recent laboratory data highlight synergistic interactions between cannabinoid and opioid receptors,with potential reduction of drug-seeking behavior and opiate sparing effects. legal rulings also have changed in certain american states,which may lead to wider use of cannabis among eligible persons. conclusions: family physicians need to be cognizant of such changing landscapes with a practical knowledge on the pros and cons of medical marijuana,the legal implications of its use,and possible developments in the future.