Methyl salicylate 2-O-β-D-lactoside,a novel salicylic acid analogue,acts as an anti-inflammatory agent on microglia and astrocytes

Background: neuroinflammation has been known to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of alzheimer's disease (ad). activation of microglia and astrocytes is a characteristic of brain inflammation. epidemiological studies have shown that long-term use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaids) delays the onset of ad and suppresses its progression. methyl salicylate-2-o-β-d-lactoside (dl0309) is a new molecule chemically related to salicylic acid. the present study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of dl0309.findings: our studies show that dl0309 significantly inhibits lipopolysaccharide (lps)-induced release of the pro-inflammatory cytokines il-6,il-1β,and tnf-α; and the expression of the inflammation-related proteins inos,cox-1,and cox-2 by microglia and astrocytes. at a concentration of 10 μm,dl0309 prominently inhibited lps-induced activation of nf-κb in glial cells by blocking phosphorylation of ikk and p65,and by blocking iκb degradation.conclusions: we demonstrate here for the first time that dl0309 exerts anti-inflammatory effects in glial cells by suppressing different pro-inflammatory cytokines and inos/no. furthermore,it also regulates the nf-κb signaling pathway by blocking ikk and p65 activation and iκb degradation. dl0309 also acts as a non-selective cox inhibitor in glial cells. these studies suggest that dl0309 may be effective in the treatment of neuroinflammatory disorders,including ad. © 2011 lan et al; licensee biomed central ltd.