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Accumulation of natural killer cells in ischemic brain tissues and the chemotactic effect of IP-10
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نویسنده
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zhang y. ,gao z. ,wang d. ,zhang t. ,sun b. ,mu l. ,wang j. ,liu y. ,kong q. ,liu x. ,zhang y. ,zhang h. ,he j. ,li h. ,wang g.
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منبع
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journal of neuroinflammation - 2014 - دوره : 11 - شماره : 0
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چکیده
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Background: stroke is accompanied by a distinguished inflammatory reaction that is initiated by the infiltration of immunocytes,expression of cytokines,and other inflammatory mediators. as natural killer cells (nk cells) are a type of cytotoxic lymphocyte critical to the innate immune system,we investigated the mechanism of nk cells-induced brain injuries after cerebral ischemia and the chemotactic effect of ip-10 simultaneously.methods: nk cells infiltration,interferon-gamma (ifn-γ) and ip-10 expression were detected by immunohistochemistry,immunofluorescence,pcr and flow cytometry in human and c57/bl6 wild type mouse ischemic brain tissues. the ischemia area was detected via 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. cxcr3 mean fluorescence intensity of isolated nk cells was measured by flow cytometry. the neuronal injury made by nk cells was examined via apoptosis experiment. the chemotactic of ip-10 was detected by migration and permeability assays.results: in human ischemic brain tissue,infiltrations of nk cells were observed and reached a peak at 2 to 5 days. in a permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pmcao) model,infiltration of nk cells into the ischemic infarct region reached their highest levels 12 hours after ischemia. ifn-γ-positive nk cells and levels of the chemokine ip-10 were also detected within the ischemic region,from 6 hours up to 4 days after pmcao was performed,and ifn-γ levels decreased after nk cells depletion in vivo. co-culture experiments of neural cells with nk cells also showed that neural necrosis was induced via ifn-γ. in parallel experiments with ip-10,the presence of cxcr3 indicates that nk cells were affected by ip-10 via cxcr3,and the effect was dose-dependent. after ip-10 depletion in vivo,nk cells decreased. in migration assays and permeability experiments,disintegration of the blood-brain barrier (bbb) was observed following the addition of nk cells. moreover,in the presence of ip-10 this injury was aggravated.conclusions: all findings support the hypothesis that nk cells participate in cerebral ischemia and promote neural cells necrosis via ifn-γ. moreover,ip-10 intensifies injury to the bbb by nk cells via cxcr3. © 2014 zhang et al.; licensee biomed central ltd.
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کلیدواژه
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Cerebral ischemia; CXCR3; IP-10; NK cells
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آدرس
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department of neurobiology,harbin medical university provincial key lab of neurobiology,harbin medical university,xuefu road,150081,heilongjiang, China, department of neurobiology,harbin medical university provincial key lab of neurobiology,harbin medical university,xuefu road,150081,heilongjiang,china,neurology department,the affiliated hospital of hangzhou normal university,wenzhou road,310015 zhejiang, China, department of neurobiology,harbin medical university provincial key lab of neurobiology,harbin medical university,xuefu road,150081,heilongjiang, China, department of neurobiology,harbin medical university provincial key lab of neurobiology,harbin medical university,xuefu road,150081,heilongjiang, China, department of neurobiology,harbin medical university provincial key lab of neurobiology,harbin medical university,xuefu road,150081,heilongjiang, China, department of neurobiology,harbin medical university provincial key lab of neurobiology,harbin medical university,xuefu road,150081,heilongjiang, China, department of neurobiology,harbin medical university provincial key lab of neurobiology,harbin medical university,xuefu road,150081,heilongjiang, China, department of neurobiology,harbin medical university provincial key lab of neurobiology,harbin medical university,xuefu road,150081,heilongjiang, China, department of neurobiology,harbin medical university provincial key lab of neurobiology,harbin medical university,xuefu road,150081,heilongjiang, China, department of neurobiology,harbin medical university provincial key lab of neurobiology,harbin medical university,xuefu road,150081,heilongjiang, China, department of neurobiology,harbin medical university provincial key lab of neurobiology,harbin medical university,xuefu road,150081,heilongjiang,china,department of otorhinolaryngology,mudanjiang 2nd people's hospital,guanghua road,157005,heilongjiang, China, department of neurobiology,harbin medical university provincial key lab of neurobiology,harbin medical university,xuefu road,150081,heilongjiang, China, department of neurobiology,harbin medical university provincial key lab of neurobiology,harbin medical university,xuefu road,150081,heilongjiang,china,neurology department,the affiliated hospital of hangzhou normal university,wenzhou road,310015 zhejiang, China, department of neurobiology,harbin medical university provincial key lab of neurobiology,harbin medical university,xuefu road,150081,heilongjiang,china,the key laboratory of myocardial ischemia,harbin medical university,ministry of education,xuefu road,150001,heilongjiang, China, department of neurobiology,harbin medical university provincial key lab of neurobiology,harbin medical university,xuefu road,150081,heilongjiang,china,the key laboratory of myocardial ischemia,harbin medical university,ministry of education,xuefu road,150001,heilongjiang,china,key lab of magnetic resonance imaging device and technique,huayuanbei road,100082 beijing, China
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Authors
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