Vitamin D and associated perinatal–neonatal outcomes among extremely low-birth-weight infants

Objectiveto evaluate vitamin d inadequacy among extremely low-birth-weight (elbw, <1000 g) infants and the association between circulating vitamin d concentrations and perinatal–neonatal outcomes.study designprospective cohort study of elbw infants in the neonatal icu. blood was collected within the first 3 days after birth after obtaining informed consent. circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin d concentrations (25(oh)d) were quantified using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectroscopy and classified as vitamin d deficient, insufficient, or adequate ( < 20, 20–30, or > 30 ng/ml, respectively). associations between 25(oh)d and perinatal–neonatal outcomes were determined by multivariable regression, adjusted for covariates that differ in the bivariate analysis.resultsof the 60 elbw infants enrolled, 13 (22%) were vitamin d deficient, 15 (25%) were insufficient, and 32 (53%) were adequate. 25(oh)d levels were positively associated with fetal growth restriction and prolonged rupture of the membranes.conclusionsvitamin d inadequacy was frequent among elbw infants. circulating vitamin d concentrations were significantly associated with perinatal outcomes in this contemporary cohort.