اثربخشی آموزش کنش‌های اجرایی گرم و سرد در دو سطح والد و کودک بر کنش‌های اجرایی کودکان دارای اختلال کمبود توجه / فزون‌کنشی

زمینه: بیشترکودکان دارای اختلال کمبودتوجه / فزون‌کنشی در هر دو جنبۀ سرد (شناختی) و گرم (عاطفی، انگیزشی) کنش‌های اجرایی دچار نارسایی‌اند، با این‌حال، مداخلات، بیشتر بر جنبۀ سرد این کنش‌ها تمرکز کردند.هدف: پژوهش حاضر به‌منظور بررسی اثربخشی آموزش کنش‌های اجرایی گرم و سرد در دو سطح والد و کودک بر کنش‌های اجرایی کودکان دارای اختلال کمبود توجه / فزون‌کنشی انجام شد.روش: طرح پژوهش حاضر شبه‌آزمایشی از نوع پیش‌آزمون، پس‌آزمون با گروه گواه بود. جامعۀ آماری پژوهش شامل تمامی کودکان 9 تا 12 ساله دارای اختلال کمبود توجه / فزون‌کنشی شهر رشت بودند که در سال تحصیلی 1400 به مراکز درمانی، آموزشی مراجعه کردند. نمونۀ پژوهش شامل 26 کودک دارای اختلال کمبود توجه / فزون‌کنشی از جامعۀ آماری ذکر شده بود که برحسب شرایط ورود و خروج پژوهش به روش در دسترس انتخاب و با گمارش تصادفی در گروه‌های آزمایش و گواه تقسیم شدند. کودکان گروه آزمایش و مادران آن‌ها هرکدام برنامۀ مداخله‌ای کنش‌های اجرایی گرم و سرد را طی 10 جلسه دریافت کردند. ابزار مورد استفاده شامل پرسشنامۀ جمعیت ‌شناختی، مقیاس درجه‌بندی کانرز (1999) و پرسشنامۀ کنش‌های اجرایی (جوجیا، 2000) بود. داده‌ها با استفاده از آزمون تحلیل کواریانس تحلیل شدند.یافته ها: نتایج نشان داد آموزش کنش‌های اجرایی گرم و سرد در دو سطح والد و کودک بر تمامی مولفه‌های کنش‌های اجرایی کودکان دارای اختلال کمبود توجه / فزون کنشی اثر معناداری داشت (0/01 >p).نتیجه‌گیری: براساس یافته‌های این پژوهش می‌توان نتیجه گرفت که مداخلات چندوجهی در سطوح مختلف کودک و والدین به طور همزمان و همچنین تمرکز بر همۀ انواع کنش‌های اجرایی در درمان اختلال کمبود / توجه فزون‌کنشی می‌تواند بسیار تاثیرگذار باشد.

The effectiveness of training of hot and cool executive functions at both parent and child levels on executive functions in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

Background: Most children with ADHD have impairments in both the cool (cognitive) and hot (emotional, motivational) aspects of executive functions; however, the interventions focused more on the cool aspect of these actions.Aims: The present study aimed to investigate the efficacy of training of hot and cool executive functions at both parent and child levels on executive functions children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.Methods: This research was a quasiexperimental study with pretestposttest control groupBackground: Most children with ADHD have impairments in both the cool (cognitive) and hot (emotional, motivational) aspects of executive functions; however, the interventions focused more on the cool aspect of these actions.Aims: The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of training of hot and cool executive functions at both parent and child levels on executive functions in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.Methods: This research was a quasiexperimental study with pretestposttest control group design. The statistical population of the present study consisted of all 9 to 12yearold children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in Rasht who referred to medicaleducationalresearch centers in 2021. The sample consisted of 26 children with attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder from the statistical population who were selected through convenience sampling, based on the inclusion criteria. They were then equally assigned to two (control and experiment) groups. The children in the experimental group and their mothers each received the hot and cool executive functions intervention program in 10 sessions. The instruments used included Cognitive demographic questionnaire, Canners Parent Rate Scale (1999), executive functions questionnaire (Gioia et al., 2000). data were analyzed using analysis of covariance.Results: The findings showed that training of hot and cool Executive functions at both parent and child levels improved all components of executive functions in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (P<0/01).Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that multidimensional interventions are effective at different levels of the child and parents simultaneously and also focusing on all types of executive actions in the treatment of ADHD can be very effective. design. The statistical population of the present study consisted of all 9 to 12yearold children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in Rasht who referred to medicaleducationalresearch centers in 2021. The sample consisted of 26 children with attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder from the statistical population who were selected through convenience sampling, based on the inclusion criteria. They were then equally assigned to two (control and experiment) groups. The children in the experimental group and their mothers each received the hot and cool executive functions intervention program in 10 sessions. The instruments used included Cognitive demographic questionnaire, Canners Parent Rate Scale (1999), executive functions questionnaire (Gioia et al., 2000). data were analyzed using analysis of covariance.Results: The findings showed that training of hot and cool Executive functions at both parent and child levels improved all components of executive functions in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (P<0/01).Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that multidimensional interventions are effective at different levels of the child and parents simultaneously and also focusing on all types of executive actions in the treatment of ADHD can be very effective