toward a framework for an undergraduate academic tourism curriculum in indonesian universities: some perspectives from stakeholders

We analyse policy documents as well opinions of stakeholders contributing to the development of the undergraduate academic tourism curriculum, namely: the government which develops the general framework for curriculum development in indonesian universities; non-governmental tourism associations which assist universities with opinions and guidance; tourism academics who develop and implement the curriculum in the classroom; and tourism trade associations. two issues characterize the development of the tourism curriculum namely: determining the appropriate balance between vocational and academic frameworks, and an aspiration to move from inter- to mono-disciplinary instruction. © 2018 elsevier ltd