Cytotoxic Effect of Aqueous and Alcoholic Extracts of Pterocarya fraxinifolia Leaves on K562 Cell Line

Background: chronic myeloid leukemia (cml) is a malignant clonal disorder of hematopoietic stem cells which results in increase of myeloid cells, erythroid cells and platelets in the peripheral blood and hyperplasia in bone marrow. pterocarya fraxinifolia; (juglandaceae) is widely distributed in northern area of iran. the research evaluates the cytotoxic effect of n-butanol fraction, aqueous, methanolic and ethanolic extracts of p. fraxinifolia leaves on k562 cell line as a model of chronic myeloid leukemia. materials and methods: leaves of p. fraxinifolia collected from astara city and extraction using soxhlet method. k562 cells were cultured and treated with concentrations of extracts (12.5-400 µg/ml). cytotoxicity of p. fraxinifolia extracts against k562 leukemia cells was estimated by the mtt test method. the absorbance was measured using an elisa plate reader at 540 nm.results: ethanolic extract showed the highest cytotoxic effect (ic50=148.66±11.64 µg/ml) whereas n-butanol fraction extract were least cytotoxic effect (ic50=248.97±6.71 µg/ml) among the extracts. aqueous and methanol extracts showed the cytotoxic effect with the ic50=183.14±4.71 and 226.02±6.08 µg/ml on k562 cell line. both ethanolic and n-butanol fraction extracts exhibited a dose-dependent cytotoxic effect on k562 cell line.conclusion: considering the cytotoxic effects aqueous and alcoholic extracts of p. fraxinifolia leaves on k562 cells, the plant can be considered as a potential candidate for further studies on cml treatment.