Critical reviews in oral biology & medicine: Transcriptome remodeling in hypoxic inflammation

Hypoxia is an integral component of the inflamed tissue microenvironment. today,the influence of hypoxia on the natural evolution of inflammatory responses is widely accepted; however,many molecular and cellular mechanisms mediating this relationship remain to be clarified. hypoxic stress affects several independent transcriptional regulators related to inflammation in which hif-1 and nf-κb play central roles. transcription factors interact with both hats and hdacs,which are components of large multiprotein co-regulatory complexes. this review summarizes the current knowledge on hypoxia-responsive transcriptional pathways in inflammation and their importance in the etiology of chronic inflammatory diseases,with the primary focus on transcriptional co-regulators and histone modifications in defining gene-specific transcriptional responses in hypoxia,and on the recent progress in the understanding of hypoxia-mediated epigenetic reprogramming. furthermore,this review discusses the molecular cross-talk between glucocorticoid anti-inflammatory pathways and hypoxia.