What psychosocial characteristics are associated with smoking cessation behavior and readiness to quit smoking among japanese male ever-smokers with type 2 diabetes mellitus?

Aim: the relationship between psychosocial characteristics and smoking cessation behavior was examined among japanese male ever-smokers with type 2 diabetes mellitus. methods: the psychosocial characteristics and smoking cessation behavior of 441 male ever-smokers with type 2 diabetes mellitus were investigated. personality was assessed using an egogram (five ego states: the critical parent,nurturing parent,adult,free child,and adapted child) and each patient was classified into a high score or low score group based on the median. the current smokers were divided into 2 categories according to their readiness to quit smoking. results: in multivariate analyses,the ever-smokers with a high adult score had a lower risk of current smoking (or=0.67,95%ci=0.41-0.93),the ever-smokers with a high free child score were over 3 times more likely to currently smoke (or=3.12,95%ci=1.97-4.97),and the ever-smokers who had a low educational background had a higher risk of current smoking (or=3.02,95% ci=1.73-5.28). in addition,the current smokers with a high adult score had a lower risk of being in the immotive and precontemplation stage (or=0.55,95%ci=0.24-0.96). the current smokers who had a low educational background had a higher risk of being in the immotive and precontemplation stage (or=2.13,95%ci=1.08-5.42). conclusion: there is a need to develop a smoking cessation program for patients with high free child scores and a low education level.