نقدی بر کتاب «ابزارهای تدریس:روش‌ها و رسانه‌های جدید تدریس در دانشگاه‌ها و مراکر آموزش عالی»

ﻫﺪف ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ، ﻧﻘﺪ ﮐﺘﺎب «اﺑﺰارﻫﺎی ﺗﺪرﯾﺲ» اﺳﺖ. ﮐﺘﺎب را ﺑﺎرﺑﺎرا ﮔﺮاس دﯾﻮﯾﺲ ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ ﮐﺮده اﺳﺖ و اﺣﻤﺪرﺿﺎ ﻧﺼﺮ اﺻﻔﻬﺎﻧﯽ و ﻫﻤﮑﺎران آن را ﺑﻪ ﻓﺎرﺳﯽ ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪ ﮐﺮده اﻧﺪ و اﻧﺘﺸﺎرات «ﺳﻤﺖ» در ﺳﺎل 1396 ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮ ﮐﺮده اﺳﺖ. روش ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒ ﯽ از ﻧﻘّ ﺎدی آﻣﻮزﺷ ﯽ، ﻣﺮور اﻧﺘﻘﺎد ی ﮐﺘﺎب و ﮐﺎوﺷﮕﺮ ی ﻓﻠﺴﻔﯽ اﻧﺘﻘﺎدی ﺑﻮد. اﺑﺰار ﻧﻘﺪ، ﭼﮏ ﻟﯿﺴﺖ ﻧﻘﺪ ﮐﺘﺐ درﺳﯽ داﻧﺸﮕﺎﻫﯽ ﺷﻮر ای ﺑﺮرﺳ ﯽ ﻣﺘﻮن و ﮐﺘﺐ ﻋﻠﻮم اﻧﺴﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﻮد و ﺑﺮای ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت از ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﺤﺘﻮای ﮐﯿﻔﯽ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ، ﮐﺘﺎب دار ای ﻧﻘﺎط ﻗﻮت ﻣﺘﻌﺪدی از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ اراﺋﮥ ﻣﺘﻨﻮع روش ﻫﺎی ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺗﺪرﯾﺲ و ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدﻫﺎی آن ﻫﺎ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺎ ﻣﺜﺎل، ﮔﺴﺘﺮه‌ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده در ﭘﺎﯾﺎن ﻫﺮ ﻓﺼﻞ، رﻋﺎﯾﺖ اﺻﻮل و ﻗﻮاﻋﺪ ﻧﮕﺎرﺷﯽ، وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ارﺟﺎع دﻫﯽ ﻣﻄﻠﻮب و ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎرﮔﯿﺮی و ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد درﺳﺖ اﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎت ﺗﺨﺼﺼﯽ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺎ اﯾ ﻦ ﺣﺎل، ﮐﺘﺎب ﮐﺎﺳﺘ ﯽ ﻫﺎ ﯾﯽ ﻧﯿ ﺰ دارد، ﻓﻘﺪان ﺗﺤﻠﯿ ﻞ و ﻧﻘﺪﻫﺎی ﻋﻠﻤﯽ در ﻫﺮ ﺑﺨﺶ و ﻓﺼﻞ، ﻫﻢ ﭘﻮﺷﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﺤﺘﻮاﯾﯽ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ از ﻓﺼﻮل و اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻧﮑﺮدن از اﺑﺰارﻫﺎی ﻋﻠﻤﯽ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ از ﺟﻤﻠﮥ اﯾﻦ ﮐﺎﺳﺘﯽ ﻫﺎﺳﺖ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﺮای ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﻣﺤﺘﻮا، ﻻزم اﺳﺖ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎز ﺑﯿﻨﯽ و ﺑﺎ ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﻫﺎی ﯾﺎدﮔﯿﺮی ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺳﺎزﮔﺎر ﺷﻮﻧﺪ. اﯾﻦ اﻗﺪام ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻞ، درک و ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﭘﻮﯾﺎ را در ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪ آﻣﻮزش اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ دﻫﺪ. ﺗﺮﺟﻤﮥ ﮐﺘﺎب روان و ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ اﺳﺖ، اﻣﺎ ﺑﺮای ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر و ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‌ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻣﯽ و ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدی، ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎد ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد ﮐﺘﺎب در دو ﺟﻠﺪ ﺗﺪوﯾﻦ ﺷﻮد ﺗﺎ ﻣﺤﺘﻮا ﺑﻪ ﺷﮑﻞ ﻣﻨﺴﺠﻢ ﺗﺮی ﺳﺎزﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫ ﯽ ﮔﺮدد و درک و ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﮥ ﻣﻔﺎﻫﯿﻢ ﺗﺴﻬﯿﻞ ﺷﻮد.

a critique of the book ‘teaching tools: new methods and media for teaching in universities and higher education centers.

the present research aims to review the book tools for teaching.the research combined critical educational methods, book reviews, and philosophical exploration. the mentioned book is authored by barbara gross davis, translated by ahmadreza nasrasafhani and colleagues, and published by samt publications in 2016. the tool of criticism was the checklist of academic textbooks of the humanities texts and books review council. qualitative content analysis was used for data analysis. based on the findings, the strengths of the book include the diverse presentation of different teaching methods and their applications along with examples, the range of resources used at the end of each chapter, compliance with the principles and rules of writing, the state of good referencing, and the correct use of specialized terms. the shortcomings of the work are the lack of scientific analysis and criticism in each section and chapter of the book, the content overlap of some chapters, the content of the work not being compatible with religious and islamic principles, and not using different scientific tools. the necessary effort should be made to review the translated content and adapt it to different learning environments. this will increase student interaction, understanding, and dynamic action in the educational process. the book is well translated and fluent, but for better structure and usability, it is better to conceptualize the book in two volumes so that its content is organized more coherently and the understanding and study of concepts is facilitated