Apoptosis and survivability of human dental pulp cells under exposure to Bis-GMA

Objective: in the present study,we examined whether 2,2-bis [4-(2-hydroxy-3- methacryloxypropoxy) phenyl] propane (bis-gma) has effects on lsc2 cells,human dental pulp cell line. material and methods: the viability,cell cycle,and morphology of lsc2 cells were analyzed after exposure to several different concentrations of bis-gma. the recovery of viability of bis-gma exposed cells was also analyzed in the condition without bis-gma. further,penetration of bis-gma to dentin disc was examined using isocratic high-performance liquid chromatography. results: there was a concentration-dependent decrease in cell proliferation and an increase in cell number in the sub-g1 population after exposure to bis-gma. furthermore,the cells showed typical characteristics of apoptotic cells after the exposure to high concentration of bis-gma. in contrast,cells exposed to lower concentrations of bis-gma recovered their viability after being cultured without bis-gma. we also found that bis-gma is capable of penetrating 1-mm-thick dentin discs,though the penetrated concentration was lower than that showing cytotoxicity. conclusion: these results suggest that bis-gma has cytotoxic effects,though dental pulp exposed to lower concentrations is able to recover their viability when bis-gma is removed.