ساز و کارهای عملیاتی در تحقق مرجعیت علمی (با رویکرد بهره گیری ازشواهد تاریخی در دوران شکوفایی تمدن اسلامی)

در این مقاله با توجه به وضع موجود علم و فناوری در کشور، سازوکار عملیاتی برای نیل به مرجعیت علمی پیشنهاد می شود. برای این منظور از شواهد تاریخی در دوران شکوفایی تمدن اسلامی بهره گرفته می شود. «دانش» قدیم بخشی از تحولات علمی و فنی تاریخ تمدن بشری را تشکیل می دهد، با این قید که اینک به صورت مستقیم قابل بهره برداری نیست. اما «منش» علمی قدیم که شکوفایی تمدن های بزرگ را رقم زده است، قابل طرح و بهره گیری است. در این مقاله بخشی از منش و سنت علمی دورۀ اسلامی که در مرجعیت علمی آن نقش موثر داشتند، معرفی می شود. دلیل طرح چنین موضوعی آن است که این مواریث در زمان حاضر نیز برای دستیابی به مرجعیت علمی قابل بهره گیری است. بر این اساس، مبتنی بر تجربیات تاریخی و با توجه به وضع موجود علم در ایران، نکاتی برای حرکت به سوی مرجعیت علمی طرح و بررسی می شود.در این مقاله با توجه به وضع موجود علم و فناوری در کشور، سازوکار عملیاتی برای نیل به مرجعیت علمی پیشنهاد می شود. برای این منظور از شواهد تاریخی در دوران شکوفایی تمدن اسلامی بهره گرفته می شود. «دانش» قدیم بخشی از تحولات علمی و فنی تاریخ تمدن بشری را تشکیل می دهد، با این قید که اینک به صورت مستقیم قابل بهره برداری نیست. اما «منش» علمی قدیم که شکوفایی تمدن های بزرگ را رقم زده است، قابل طرح و بهره گیری است. در این مقاله بخشی از منش و سنت علمی دورۀ اسلامی که در مرجعیت علمی آن نقش موثر داشتند، معرفی می شود. دلیل طرح چنین موضوعی آن است که این مواریث در زمان حاضر نیز برای دستیابی به مرجعیت علمی قابل بهره گیری است. بر این اساس، مبتنی بر تجربیات تاریخی و با توجه به وضعموجود علم در ایران، مواردی، مانند شاخص های اصلی مرجعیت علمی، شاخص های مرتبط با الگو و سرمشق بودن، و سازوکار عملیاتی برای حرکت به سوی مرجعیت علمی پیشنهاد می شود.

operational mechanisms in the realization of scientific authority (approach of using historical evidence during the flourishing period of islamic civilization)

with the growth and development of human societies and their scientific (and technical) differences from each other, the discussion about which person or society is in charge of leading science and others are following it is raised. as a result, the discussion of leadership or &scientific leadership& is formed.during the history of human civilization, at least three great civilizations found a position of scientific authority: greek civilization, islamic civilization, and western civilization. iran excelled scientifically in two periods. ancient period and islamic period. after that, iran stopped and did not progress in the scientific field; or he was not in a position of leadership. from the 11th century to the end of the 13th hijri, in many branches of natural science, a kind of retrogression can be seen. with the establishment of new universities, iran got acquainted with new knowledge. at first slowly and then more quickly, iran’s role in the production of global science, as a follower partner, was gradually formed. in the last few decades, with the accelerated and widespread publication of the research results of iranian university researchers, in the form of scientific articles, a kind of scientific self-belief emerged. despite the amazing scientific progress of the last few decades, scientific education and research in most fields of knowledge are carried out with the examples provided by others. such a situation puts iran in the position of follower, student, and imitator. now the discussion is about how to reach the position of leadership and competence in science and technology. this article inevitably raises the issue of scientific authority. in this article, according to the current state of science and technology in the country, an operational mechanism is proposed to achieve scientific leadership. for this purpose, historical evidence is used during the flourishing period of islamic civilization. the study of the three leading civilizations led the author to the conclusion that the main reference factors of the mentioned civilizations are common.in any case, this article has based its analysis on using the experiences of islamic civilization to achieve scientific authority. in connection with the scientific authority of islamic civilization, two main questions are raised: a- did islamic civilization achieve scientific authority? b- if the answer is positive, what factors led to the achievement of scientific leadership? the answer to the article is positive by citing reasons and stating historical evidence. in addition, the main reason for choosing such an approach is that the old &knowledge& is part of the scientific and technical developments in the history of human civilization, with the proviso that it cannot be exploited directly. but the ancient scientific &character& that marked the flourishing of great civilizations, and the &tradition& that provided the foundation of civilization and scientific authority, can be designed and used. in this article, a part of the scientific character and tradition of the islamic period, which played an effective role in its scientific authority, is introduced. the reason for proposing such a topic is that this legacy can be used to achieve scientific authority at present. by observing and searching, the author concluded that scientific authority is the result of the emergence and establishment of five main factors in society. these five factors of scientific authority are as follows: a- wisdom and knowledge, b- questioning and inquiry, c- pioneering, d- leadership, and e- stability and longevity. these factors are explained by mentioning historical evidence and some documents. in addition, it was emphasized that to achieve scientific authority in any society, reference-making foundations must be provided. in the article, four foundations of scientific reference were mentioned.