خودشناسی؛ رهاورد تجربه سکنی‌گزینی در کلاس طراحی معماری

طبق آموزه‌های دین مبین اسلام، بالاترین وظیفه انسان شناخت خویشتن است. درسایه چنین شناختی انسان قادر است به شناخت پروردگار خویش نیز نائل آید. با این نگاه، والاترین هنر، هنری است که انسان را در راه شناخت خویش یاری رساند. آموزش و خلق اثر معماری به عنوان یک هنر می‌بایست در راستای این هدف باشد. با این وجود خلاء راهکارهایی مبتنی بر این هدف در آموزش و طراحی معماری کاملا احساس می‌شود. در این مقاله برای یافتن راهکار طراحی، ابتدا، به روش استدلال استقرائی و با تحلیل یافته‌های حوزه‌های مختلف علوم، به ارائه‌ راهکار طراحی معماری پرداخته شد. در مرحله دوم به تجربه عملی راهکار نظری اقدام گردید. تجربه عملی و تحلیل پدیدارشناسانه آن، در بردارندۀ نتایج ارزشمندی است که موید بخش نظری تحقیق است. نتایج نشان دهنده این حقیقت هستند که شناخت خویشتن یک جریان ناخودآگاه است و با ساختن سکنی گزینانه رابطه‌ای مستقیم دارد.

Selfrecognition: The Achievement of Settlement Experience in Architecture Design Class

According to Islam theories, the major duty of human being is to recognize himself, which under this circumstance he would be able to know God too. Scrutinizing such a divine message, we come to this conclusion that human being can achieve the highest aim of creation while getting the knowledge and recognition of the world’s infinite intelligence. It is obvious that achievement to the greatest aim of creation must be parallel to human perfection. Selfrecognition and selfidentification are two important issues that should be more concerned by Iran educational system. From this point of view, the success of any subject of education must be evaluated and assessed in terms of this criterion that how high the educational system can realize the human being. Based on what is said, there arises a very particular question: what method of teaching and creation of architectural work can result in selfrecognition as the intersection of science and art? As the problem raised in this research has been ignored by many researchers, we got right into the fields involved with the issue of awareness of human conscious such as humanistic psychology, symbolism and phenomenology. The culmination of this analysis is to recognize the fact that all these field, have the same principles and strategies. All these fields strongly focus on the fact that if human is honest toward himself and communicates with the surrounding phenomena in the same manner of dwelling, he can have access on a great part of his own identity. Based on these approaches, phenomena are not things we can see or touch, but they are half recognized in material worlds expecting for being realized completely by creatures. Observing the honesty and avoiding the domineering view can pave the way to achieve the non visible part of these phenomena. According to scientists` view, human being can have selfrecognition with honest communication resulting in growth and development of virtues. This type of selfrecognition accompanied by cosmology occurs in daily life activities unconsciously when the human beings have a complete compatibility with the surrounding phenomena and has a dwelling relationship. The most important point is that the self recognition is concomitant with constructions. Therefore, the architecture topic can be regarded as the most suitable and reliable realm of selfrepresentation for creator and audience of architectural work. The research hypothesis has been formulated in such way. The settlement based design can result in selfrecognition. Settlement refers to a strategy which relies on horizontalism and prevention from domination on the selfreality and surrounding. Based on the practical experiences of this research, the trainee tries to recreate what he has touched several times and can love. The phenomenological analysis of this design method shows that the experience of humanistic moments in revealing the details of architectural spaces helps the trainee to remove the duality and contrast of innate feeling and reality of the material world in a compromise towards the unity. The trainee is the organizer of functional spaces and also involved in the thought architecture.