successful targeted testicular sperm extraction using microsurgical technique (microtese) following fine needle aspiration (fna) mapping in a non-obstructive azoospermia (noa) patient: a case report

Background: management for male infertility can be difficult for some cases. surgical intervention has long been thought as the last resort to help married couples to conceive. the current guideline recommends testicular sperm extraction with microsurgery technique (microtese) in severe cases of male infertility. however, the success rate still varies. thus, a new strategy was needed to further increase the sperm retrieval success rate. case presentation: a 39-year-old male with a history of failed sperm extraction, non-obstructive azoospermia (noa) and y-chromosomal microdeletion came to the fertility center to undergo sperm retrieval. fine needle aspiration (fna) mapping was performed prior to microtese to increase the accuracy of sperm retrieval. after further examination with laser assisted immotile sperm selection (laiss), five spermatozoa were found. conclusion: the combination of fna mapping and microtese increases the chance of a successful sperm extraction.