exploring technological pedagogical content knowledge among iraqi high school english teachers: a comparative study during the covid-19 pandemic

This study investigates the technological pedagogical content knowledge (tpack) of iraqi english teachers in public and private high schools during the covid-19 pandemic. it also examines the potential impact of gender and school type on participants’ tpack perceptions. the results, derived from a tpack survey (baser et al., 2015), indicate significant differences between public and private school iraqi english teachers in terms of overall tpack scores and perceptions of individual tpack constructs of technological knowledge, technological content knowledge, technological pedagogical knowledge, and technological pedagogical content knowledge. however, no significant differences were observed in the constructs of content knowledge, pedagogical knowledge, and pedagogical content knowledge. additionally, the study found no significant disparities between male and female iraqi efl teachers in overall tpack scores or perceptions of individual tpack constructs. these findings offer insights into tpack in iraqi public and private high schools and shed light on how male and female iraqi efl teachers perceive their competencies when utilizing information and communication technology in english language instruction. considering these findings, it is recommended to implement training and professional development programs to support teachers in effectively integrating technology into language education, especially within their classrooms.