مقایسه و تطبیق تصویر قو در شعر معاصر عربی و فارسی

اﺻﻮل و ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎی رﻣﺎﻧﺘﯿﺴﻢ ﺑﺮ ﺷﻌﺮ ﻣﻌﺎﺻﺮ ﻋﺮﺑﯽ و ﻓﺎرﺳﯽ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﭼﺸﻤﮕﯿﺮی ﮔﺬاﺷﺘﻪ و ﻣﻀﺎﻣﯿﻦ ﺟﺪﯾﺪی از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ اﯾﻦ ﻣﮑﺘﺐ وارد ﺷﻌﺮ ﮔﺸﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﻗﻮ و ﺗﺼﺎوﯾﺮی ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از اﯾﻦ ﭘﺮﻧﺪه ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه، ﯾﮑﯽ از اﯾﻦ ﻣﻀﺎﻣﯿﻦ ﻣﺤﺴﻮب ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد. ﻗﻮ و ﺗﺼﺎوﯾﺮ ﺷﺎﻋﺮاﻧﮥ آن در ﺷﻌﺮ ﮐﻼﺳﯿﮏ ﻓﺎرﺳﯽ و ﻋﺮﺑﯽ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎر ﻧﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ و ﺳﺎﺑﻘﮥ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد آن ﺑﻪ دوران ﻣﻌﺎﺻﺮ ﺑﺮﻣﯽ ﮔﺮدد. در دورة ﻣﻌﺎﺻﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺒﺐ آﺷﻨﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺎ ادﺑﯿﺎت اروﭘﺎﯾﯽ از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪ ﮐﻪ واﺳﻄﮥ اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﭘﺪﯾﺪهﻫﺎی ادﺑﯽ و ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ اﺳﺖ، ﻣﻀﺎﻣﯿﻦ ﺟﺪﯾﺪی ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻫﻨﺮی از وﯾﮋﮔﯽﻫﺎی اﯾﻦ ﭘﺮﻧﺪه، وارد ادﺑﯿﺎت ﻓﺎرﺳﯽ و ﻋﺮﺑﯽ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﻄﺒﯿﻘﯽ اﺷﻌﺎر ﻣﻌﺎﺻﺮ ﻋﺮﺑﯽ و ﻓﺎرﺳﯽ اﺧﺘﺼﺎص دارد ﮐﻪ در آﻧﻬﺎ از ﻗﻮ و وﯾﮋﮔﯽﻫﺎی ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ آن ﺑﺮای ﺧﻠﻖ ﺗﺼﺎوﯾﺮ و ﻣﻀﺎﻣﯿﻦ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ﻧﯿﺰ ﻣﻨﺸﺎ و ﺳﺮﭼﺸﻤﮥ ﺗﺼﻮﯾﺮ ﻗﻮ ﻧﯿﺰ در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ واﮐﺎوی ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻗﻮ در ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓﻫﺎی ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺟﻠﻮه و ﻣﻌﺎﻧﯽ ﻧﻤﺎدﯾﻦ ﺧﺎﺻﯽ دارد. در ﺷﻌﺮ ﻣﻌﺎﺻﺮ ﻋﺮﺑﯽ ﺷﺎﻋﺮاﻧﯽ از ﻗﺒﯿﻞ ادوﻧﯿﺲ، ﻣﺤﻤﻮد دروﯾﺶ، ﻋﺒﺪاﻟﻘﺎدر راﺑﺤﯽ، ﺑﺪﯾﻊ ﺻﻘﻮر و ... ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از اﻟﮕﻮﻫﺎی ﻏﺮﺑﯽ و ﻧﮕﺎه ﺷﺎﻋﺮاﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺮﻧﺪه ﻗﻮ در ﺧﻼل دﯾﻮاﻧﺸﺎن ﺗﺼﻮﯾﺮ ﻗﻮ از ﻗﺒﯿﻞ ﻣﺮگ ﻗﻮ، رﻗﺺ ﻗﻮ و آواز ﻗﻮ را ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎر ﺑﺮده اﻧﺪ.

comparative study of swan’s image in arabic and persian poetry

the principles and elements of romanticism have greatly influenced contemporary arabic and persian poetry, and new themes have entered the poetry through this school. swans and images made using this bird are considered one of these themes. swan and its poetic images are not used in arabic classical poetry, and the history of its application dates back to the contemporary era. in the contemporary era, through the introduction of european literature through translation, which translates into the transmission of literary and cultural phenomena, new themes have been introduced into the arabic literature by using the artistic features of this bird. this article reviews the contemporary arabic poetry, which uses swan and its related attributes to create images and themes and adapt them to the western pattern. swans have different symbolic meanings in different cultures. in contemporary arabic poetry, poets such as adonis, mahmoud darvish and ... have used the image of swan, such as the death of swan, dance of swan and singing of swans, using western patterns and poetic look at the swan bird. since the study of the origin and source of new arabic poetry images and themes will help clarify the rules and patterns of the development of the new arabic poetry, this study looks at the comparative view of the extent and type of arabic poets’ influence on western literary patterns.