four key focus on form options

One of the approaches which is widely used in language classes is form-focused instruction (ffi). formerly, ffi included two categories of focus on form (fonf) and focus on forms (fonfs). however, later two other categories were added to this type of instruction, which were named isolated ffi and integrated ffi. in this article, i elaborate on these four categories of ffi and provide the readers with a clear picture of how these ffi options may be applied in class. the similarities and differences among these four ffi options have been highlighted as well with an aim to alleviate the existing ambiguity among some researchers. to this aim, at first, brief but informative accounts of fonf and fonfs are given. this is followed by a description of the dichotomies on fonf and how they may be applied in class. an explanation of isolated and integrated ffi and how they are different from or similar to fonf and fonfs concludes this article.