سیستم کنترل ‌آمریکا در برابر چالشگران منطقه‌ای: مطالعۀ موردی جمهوری اسلامی ایران

مهار تهدیدهای منطقه‌ای در سیاست خارجی ‌آمریکا و اسناد بالادستی، همواره یکی از مهم‌ترین مبانی شکل‌دهندۀ رفتار سیاست خارجی این قدرت مداخله‌گر فرامنطقه‌ای محسوب می‌شود. با افزایش پیچیدگی و شبکه‌ای‌شدن نظم امنیتی در منطقۀ اوراسیای مرکزی، راهبرد مهار تهدیدهای منطقه‌ای سیاست خارجی ‌آمریکا به‌صورت شبکه‌ای درآمده است و جمهوری اسلامی ایران به‌عنوان قدرتی با ظرفیت بالا برای گسترش نفوذ در این منطقه در قالب این سیستم کنترل مورد چالش قرار گرفته است. در بررسی راهبرد کنترل‌کنندۀ ‌آمریکا در برابر ایران در منطقۀ اوراسیای مرکزی، این پرسش مطرح می‌شود که راهبرد شبکه‌ای ‌آمریکا در برابر جمهوری اسلامی ایران در نظم شبکه‌ای‌شدۀ امنیتی اوراسیای مرکزی از چه اجزایی تشکیل شده است؟ در پاسخ این فرضیه مطرح می‌شود ‌که آمریکا در چارچوب راهبرد مهار جمهوری اسلامی ایران در منطقۀ اوراسیای مرکزی از رویکرد شبکه‌ای استفاده کرده است که از اجزایی مانند مهار تهدید بر اساس ایجاد جرم بحرانی و تراکم قدرت و جلوگیری از رشد در چرخۀ قدرت بر مبنای کاهش برتری‌ها، قطع دسترسی و شکاف ادراکی تشکیل شده است. در این نوشتار از روش مدل‌سازی قیاسی بهره گرفته‌ایم. در این روش با استفاده از بنیان‌های نظری روابط بین‌الملل الگویی تحلیلی ارائه می‌دهیم و در ادامه در بخش‌های بعدی، کاربست میدانی الگوی پیشنهادی را بیان می‌کنیم.

the american control system against regional challengers; a case study of the islamic republic of iran

introduction: containing regional threats in us foreign policy and upstream documents has always been considered one of the most important elements of this great power foreign policy behavior. in all regional networked systems, identifying and confronting state entities that pose a threat to us foreign policy has been placed on the foreign policy agenda. the eurasian region is one of the regions where regional and global powers are present. this region is important due to its oil and gas resources as well as regional threats. the islamic republic of iran and the united states are in strategic competition with each other in this region.research question: what does the us strategy against the islamic republic of iran include in the eurasian security network system?research hypothesis: within the framework of the strategy of containing the islamic republic of iran in the eurasian region, the united states uses a network approach that includes components such as containing threats based on mass creation and concentration of power and preventing growth in the power cycle.methodology and theoretical framework: the research method of this article is analogical modeling. in this method, using the theoretical foundations of international relations, an analytical model is presented and in the following sections, the field application of the proposed model is carried out. the research approach used in this article is the network approach. in this approach, the order and strategic environment in which states interact are considered as a network of communication nodes.results and discussion: with the increasing complexity and network nature of the security order in the eurasian region, the strategy of containing regional threats in us foreign policy has become a network and the islamic republic of iran as a power with a high capacity to expand its influence in this region has been challenged within the framework of the above-mentioned control system. america’s foreign policy toward the islamic republic of iran after the victory of the islamic revolution has been based on perception of threats. in the us foreign policy documents, the islamic republic of iran has always been portrayed as a threat to regional interests and its allies and its containment has been designated as one of the priorities of the us regional policy. by defining its regional identity in the form of a regional power, the islamic republic of iran seeks to play an effective role commensurate with its national capabilities in the region to determine the security order. in the central asia and the caucasus region, which encompasses the most important environment and arena of iran’s strategic behavior, it is considered one of the points of conflict between iran and the united states.