نقش قدرت نرم در اتحاد راهبردی ترکیه با جمهوری آذربایجان

مفهوم قدرت در طول تاریخ با ظرفیت نظامی یکسان بوده است. اما پس از جنگ جهانی دوم، اقتصاد نیز اهمیت پیدا کرد. بعد از جنگ سرد، جنبه دیگری از قدرت توسط جوزف نای با عنوان قدرت نرم مطرح شد. این نوع قدرت که شامل روش‌های اجبار نیست، امروزه به یکی از مفاهیم اصلی در روابط بین‌الملل تبدیل شده است. ترکیه نیز از زمان روی‌کار‌آمدن حزب عدالت و توسعه و با هدف گسترش حوزۀ نفوذ خود، توجه بیشتری به قدرت نرم نشان داده است. هدف این پژوهش تبیین نقش قدرت نرم در تحکیم و تعمیق روابط ترکیه و جمهوری آذربایجان می‌پردازد. پرسش اصلی نویسندگان این است که: « قدرت نرم چه نقشی در تکوین و تعمیق اتحاد راهبردی ترکیه با جمهوری آذربایجان داشته است؟» در پاسخ، این فرضیه مطرح می‌شود که «قدرت نرم به‌عنوان عامل محرک و تسهیل‌کننده در اتحاد راهبردی ترکیه با جمهوری آذربایجان نقش داشته است.» نتیجه کلی پژوهش نشان می‌دهد جذابیت ترکیه برای جمهوری آذربایجان نقش مهمی در شکل‌گیری اتحاد دو کشور داشته است. همکاری دو کشور در زمینه فرهنگی، به حوزه‌های ژئوپلیتیکی و ژئواکونومیکی سرریز کرده و به اتحاد آنها عمق بیشتری داده است که در اعلامیه شوشی نمود پیدا کرد. این اعلامیه به‌روشنی هماهنگی سیاست کلی در حوزه‌های نظامی، سیاسی و سیاست خارجی را بیان می‌کند و بر هماهنگی نیروهای دو کشور برای توسعه جهان ترک تاکید می‌کند. بدین ترتیب، در اعلامیه شوشی جلوه‌های پان‌ترک‌گرایی روابط ترکیه و آذربایجان آشکار می‌شود.

the role of soft power in the strategic alliance between turkiye and azerbaijan

introduction: since the justice and development party came to power, a new cornerstone in turkish foreign policy has been gradually implemented largely influenced by the thoughts of ahmet davutoğlu. davutoğlu, in his book strategic depth, believes that turkiye, considers itself an inseparable part of the south caucasus region historically, culturally, and geographically. samuel huntington also points out that turkiye after the ottoman empire, turned away from mecca and turned westward; however, it did not hear a call from the west and after the collapse of the soviet union, one way to ensure its survival was to look to the east (central asia and the caucasus). accordingly, the south caucasus, especially republic of azerbaijan, received special attention from turkiye after the collapse of the soviet union. the principle of cooperation and expansion of influence in the south caucasus countries has been the basis of turkiye’s policy towards the the south caucasus crises, which is pursued both regionally and trans-regionally. in its extraterritorial focus, turkiye cooperated with the west, especially nato and the united states. at the regional level, ankara prioritized its policy in the caucasus by establishing extensive cooperation with baku. the concept of power has historically been synonymous with military capacity. however, after world war ii, the economy also became important; therefore, power was considered as a component of both military and economic capacity. however, after the cold war, another aspect of power emerged, introduced by joseph nye. this type of power, which does not involve coercive methods, is called soft power. after going through a challenging path of criticism and justification, the concept of soft power, has established its place in the international academic space and has now become one of the main concepts in international relations. since the rise of the justice and development party, turkiye has paid more attention to soft power, influenced by the vision of ahmet davutoğlu’s perspective, with the aim of expanding its sphere of influence. this study first explains joseph nye’s soft power theory and secondly, it shed lights on the historical relations between turkiye and azerbaijan republic, as well as the role of soft power in strengthening their relations. research question: what role has soft power played in the development and deepening of the strategic alliance between turkiye and azerbaijan?research hypothesis: soft power has played a driving and facilitating role in the strategic alliance between turkiye and azerbaijan republic.methodology: in this research, the historical-analytical ’process tracing method’ was used. this method allows for the investigation of causal mechanisms and changes and allows for the evaluation of the sequence of events and the relationships between variables over time. this method allows for the examination of causal mechanisms and changes, enabling the assessment of the sequence of events and the relationships between variables over time. this method allows for the examination of causal mechanisms and changes, enabling the assessment of the sequence of events and the relationships between variables over time. in this regard, this research describes the strategic alliance between turkiye and azerbaijan as a historical process rather than a situation. this means that the process of forming a coalition has a starting point and has reached its peak during a historical journey. by using this method, the authors aim to explain the role of soft power in the development of this alliance.results and discussion: the failure of turkiye’s plans to join the european union has made the idea of pan-turkism and the formation of a great empire increasingly more attractive to ankara than ever before.