همکاری ایران با کشورهای آسیای مرکزی و قفقاز در مبارزه با قاچاق کالا و ارز

قاچاق کالا و ارز یکی از چالش‌هایی است که ریشه‌هایی هم در خارج از کشور دارد . بخش زیادی از این چالش‌ها، وابسته به ارتباط میان کشورها است،.از این رو هدف این پژوهش، بررسی چالش‌ها و ارائۀ راهکارهایی در جهت تغییر در سیاست گذاری و همکاری ایران با کشورهای آسیای مرکزی و قفقاز در برابر این پدیده است.  پرسش اصلی این نوشتار این است که؛ چگونه می‌توان در مبارزه با قاچاق کالا و ارز میان ایران و کشورهای آسیای مرکزی و قفقاز تغییر رویکرد ایجاد کرد؟ در پاسخ به این پرسش، این فرضیه مطرح می شود که افزایش همکاری و همگرایی میان ایران و کشورهای آسیای مرکزی و منطقۀ قفقاز در مبارزه با قاچاق کالا و ارز، موجب تقویت روابط سیاسی و آرامش بیشتر منطقه می ‌شود. پژوهش پیش رو از نظر هدف کاربردی بوده و به روش تحلیل مضمون انجام شده است. روش نمونه‌گیری، به‌صورت هدفمند و گلولۀبرفی است. برای گردآوری داده‌ها، به کارشناسان مبارزه با قاچاق در دستگاه‌هایی مانند: پلیس اقتصادی نیروی انتظامی، تعزیرات حکومتی، اصناف و گمرک مراجعه شد. داده‌ها و یافته‌های پژوهش، دربرگیرندۀ دیدگاه‌های مصاحبه‌شوندگان در مورد راهکارهای پیشنهادی برای سیاست گذاری در مبارزه در جنبه‌های گوناگون است که با تجزیه ‌و تحلیل انجام گرفته، در چارچوب زمینه‌های فراگیر،ارائه شده‌اند. با توجه به مصاحبه‌های انجام شده در حوزۀ کاربردی و اجرا در مبارزه با قاچاق کالا و ارز، بر ضرورت دگرگونی ساختار روابط میان کشورها در برخورد با قاچاق، تاکید فراوانی دیده شد. این دگرگونی‌ها در جنبه‌هایی مانند: تصمیم‌گیری و کاربردی، بودجه و همکاری طرف‌های خارجی بیان شده است.

cooperation of iran with central asia and the caucasus countries against smuggling of goods and currency

introduction: smuggling of goods and currency is one of the problems that has its roots abroad. the consequences of trafficking go beyond mere economic loss. trafficking can destabilize communities and contribute to wider regional tensions. a large part of these problems is related to communication between countries, so the purpose of this research is to examine the problems and provide solutions for changing iran’s policy and convergence with the central asia and caucasus region in the face of this event. the main question of this article is how to change the approach to combating the smuggling of goods and currency between iran and the region of central asia and the caucasus? the major challenge we face in dealing with the problems of trafficking is the difficulty in conceptualizing the complex issues of collective action, which, with the involvement of many local actors and social networks, takes on another challenge. public administrators around the world operate very differently in political and socio-economic contexts. as a result, the resources and capacities of public administrators in these areas vary greatly, as globalization has intensified in recent decades, national and regional boundaries, economic, social, political and ideological issues have increasingly been transcended. in fact, many of these issues are beyond the norm. traditional patterns that emphasize the role of formal organizations are insufficient to address many problems, including trafficking. as a result, concepts such as multi-level governance are increasingly studied. to address complex social, political and economic issues it is necessary to use multi-level policies and multi-level personalities to create solutions to deal with smuggling of goods.research question: each of the problems that occur in countries has an external nature and effect. in other words, internal crises have regional and international roots and with the continuation of the crisis, these consequences will spread and with its continuation, all its effects and consequences can be recognized. meanwhile, the manner and type of governance within countries has a significant effect on creating and solving problems. in the meantime, there are multi-level governance that can strengthen and improve the fight against trafficking. the main question of this article is how can we change the approach of combating smuggling of goods and currency by considering multi-level governance in regional policy making?research hypothesis: in response to the main question, the hypothesis is raised that multi-level governance strengthens and improves regional policy in the field of combating goods and currency smuggling.methodology: in this research, the method of text and content analysis of the type of content network introduced by atride - stepperling will be used. this method tries to access the text from main themes, organizing themes and inclusive themes; therefore, first, the text analysis of all interviews and the extraction of basic themes, in other words, the delivery of the text, will be carried out. then, the method of abstracting and extracting the themes of the organizer and finally discovering and explaining the network of themes of governance factors related to the fight against smuggling of goods and currency will be done. therefore, qualitative and visual analysis methods based on data and content analysis have been used in this research. in fact, by viewing the relevant documents and receiving the primary data, documents, recordings and results of the interviews are accurately and regularly evaluated and analyzed, and objectives and questions are explained with a qualitative method.  the data collection method is interview, and the data analysis method is thematic analysis. the sampling method was targeted and snowball, and smuggling experts were contacted to collect data.