تصویر برساخته از ایران در منابع آموزشی اتحاد شوروی و فدراسیون روسیه

ایران در طول تاریخ روابط خارجی گسترده و پرفرازونشیبی با روسیه داشته است. این رابطه در دویست سال گذشته به یکی از مهم‌ترین روابط خارجی ایران تبدیل شده و به‌طور مستقیم یا غیرمستقیم بر سرنوشت ایران تاثیر گذاشته است. در نتیجۀ این رابطه، تصویرهای مختلفی از روسیه در ذهن نخبگان و مردم عادی ایران برساخته شده است. در زبان فارسیآثار زیادی دربارۀ نقش روسیه و اتحاد شوروی در تاریخ ایران نوشته شده است. در حالی که پژوهشگران ایرانی توجه چندانی به تصویر و جایگاه ایران در روسیه نداشته‌اند. در این مقالۀ به‌دنبال پاسخ این پرسش هستیم که چه تصویری از ایران در اتحاد شوروی و روسیه وجود داشته و دارد و تحولات رخ‌داده در دو کشور چه تاثیری بر آن داشته است؟ در پاسخ این فرضیه مطرح می‌شود که با وجود رخ‌دادن تغییرهای مهم هویتی در هر دو کشور روسیه و ایران، تغییری در تصویر برساخته از ایران در منابع آموزشی روسیه ایجاد نشده است. با استفاده از روش مطالعۀ موردی و تحلیل مضمون منابع آموزشی تاریخ در مدرسه‌های اتحاد شوروی و فدراسیون روسیه، تلاش می‌کنیم به درک روشن‌تری از جایگاه و تصویر ایران در ذهن همسایۀ شمالی دست یابیم. نتیجۀ تحلیل منابع، نشان می‎‌دهد که با وجود شکل‌گرفتن تغییرهای بنیادین هویتی در هر دو کشور روسیه و ایران، در تصویر برساخته از ایران در روسیه تغییر چندانی رخ نداده و ایران همواره در جایگاهی حاشیه‌ای و کم‌اهمیت قرار داشته است.

the image made of iran in the educational resources of the soviet union and the russian federation

introduction: relations between iran and russia have a long history. the relationship between the people living in the regions known today as the russian federation and the iranians goes back thousands of years. but it was in the last two hundred years that the relations between the two sides reached their peak. in tsarist russia, geopolitics and russia’s desire to develop its territory in the south was the most important factor in bilateral relations. with the rise of the soviet union, the ideological element was also added to this trend. the soviet union considered iran as one of the countries leaning towards the west and based on this, it adjusted its foreign policy toward iran. as a result of this historical relationship, different images of russia have been constructed in the minds of iranian elites and ordinary people. many works have been written in iran about the history of iran and soviet / russian relations, and there is a lot of information about the image of russians by iranians. however, iranian researchers have not paid much attention to the image and position of iran in the soviet union/russia. this is despite the fact that, according to constructivists, the identity of players of the international system has a vital role in their relations. they believe, identity is a relational phenomenon. this means that regardless of the image that each actor has of himself, the image of other actors will also be of great importance in determining bilateral relations.there are different ways to identify the constructed image of a country in other countries. one of the best sources is to check educational resources. especially in the soviet union, which had a very ideological view of education, examining educational sources can be very useful. based on this and considering the significant identity changes that occurred with the collapse of the soviet union, it is expected that the constructed image of iran in the educational resources of the soviet union/ russian federation has faced significant changes.accordingly, in this article, we examine the image of iran in the soviet union/russian federation and determine the impact of identity changes that occurred in iran and russia on this image. in this regard, in qualitative research, using the case study method, we examine the constructed image of iran in history textbooks in the soviet union and the russian federation.research question: during the last one-hundred years, what image of iran has been created in russia and how have the developments of the two countries affected it?research hypothesis: in the past one-hundred years, a marginal image of iran has been constructed in russia, and despite the identity changes that have occurred in iran and russia, there has been no change in this constructed image.methodology (and theoretical framework if there are): according to constructivists, the identity of players has a vital role in forming relationships between them. constructivists consider identity a relational and variable phenomenon formed in different periods. another essential characteristic of identity, according to them, is that it is relational. in this sense, regardless of each player’s image of themselves, the image that other players make of them also plays a vital role in defining their identity.