دراسه ازدواجیه شعر الیاس ابو شبکه و محمد الفیتوری بناءً علی العلاج بالمعنی لفکتور فرانکل

یستعرض العلاج بالمعنی لفرانکل بمکافحه المشاکل النفسیه بناءً على مبادئ وتکتیکات محدّده من خلال ایضاح المعنى وتحلیل مفهوم المعاناه، فیسعى الى ایجاد معنى فی الحیاه باعتباره القوه الدافعه الاولى لکل شخص ویساعد الناس على ایجاد معنى معاناتهم وتحویل المواقف الصعبه الى السلام. یتغیّر معنى الحیاه باستمرار، لکنه لا یمّحی ابداً. دور المعالج هو توسیع مجال رویه الانسان، حتى یتمّ وضع المعنى والقیم فی مجال رویته ومجال وعیه الذاتی وتغلی الحقائق بداخله دون تدخّل الآخرین. یتمّ اکتشاف هذا المعنی وتجربه المعانی المکنونه عند الانسان باطاقه الاوجاع والمعاناه وانجاز الاعمال القیّمه وتجربه الغایات العالیه.  العلاج بالمعنى له علاقه وثیقه بالادب والشعر لاعتماده على اللغه وعلاج النطق. فتظهر دراسه مقارنه فی اعمال اثنین من الشعراء المعاصرین، الیاس ابوشبکه ومحمد الفیتوری، ان هذین الشاعرین کان لهما نهج معاکس نسبیّاً فیما یتعلق بمفاهیم العلاج بالمعنی لفیکتور فرانکل. لا یعطی ابوشبکه ایّ معنى موثوق به للدنیا والعیش فیها، ودائماً ما یتّخذ خطوات تجاه نبذ العالم بشکل متطرّف تساهمت فی تکوینه اسباب مثل الفقر، وفقدان والده مبکراً، والعوامل السیاسیه والاجتماعیه السائده آنذاک. امّا الفیتوری فیقدّس الآلام والمعاناه ویسعى لتحقیق اهداف نبیله والقیام باعمال قیّمه تتجسّد فی شکل شعر المقاومه والوطنیه. فمن الابعاد العدیده التی توثر على سلوک الانسان فیما یتعلّق ﺑالعلاج بالمعنی، تمّ البحث حول دور الابعاد النفسیه، الاجتماعیه والبیئیه فی اعمالهما، فقد تجلّى شعر هذین الشاعرین بزاویه متناقضه تجاه المعنى والمسوولیه الذاتیه والالتزام الوجدانی.

Investigating the Dichotomies of the Poems of Elias Abu Shabaki and Mohammad al-Fayturi based on Frankl’s Logotherapy

Frankl’s logotherapy is based on the principle of struggle against mental problems relying on certain principles and tactics through a will to meaning-therapy. Frankle seeks to find a meaning in life, as the first personal driving force, through the analysis of suffering concept, in order to help man in finding the meaning of his/her sufferings and turn difficult conditions into peaceful ones. The meaning of life is in constant change, but it never disappears. The role of logotherapist is to expand the person’s field of vision, until the meaning and values are placed in the field of vision and self-conscious domain, and the truths boil inside his/her without the interference of others. This meaning is discovered by various ways including doing great and valuable works and experiencing lofty goals or bearing holy suffering. Meaning therapy, because of its reliance to language and speech-therapy, is in close relation to literature and poetry. Comparative study of the works of Elias Abu Shabaki and Mohammad al-Fayturi, two distinguished poets shows that they had relatively contrary attitude toward logotherapy and concepts and Victor Frankle; Abu Shabaki does not believe in the world and living in it and always rejects extremely the world. Factors such as poverty, early death of his father and political and social issues had fundamental role in the formation of this world aversion. Fayturi, on the other hand, sanctifies suffering and follows lofty oals and doing valuable works manifested as resistance poetry and patriotism.  The poems of these two poets are the whole picture of their thoughts. The relative role of psychological, sociological, and ecological dimensions in the works of these two poets is also studied. Their poems are represented in contrary viewpoints, self- responsibility and respect of the self.