تاثیر قارچ‌های اندوفیتalternaria chlamydospora ،fusarium equiseti و curvularia spicifera بر جوانه‌زنی بذور گندم نان تحت تنش خشکی مصنوعی

تقویت جوانه زنی بذر و رشد گیاهچه در مقابله با تنش ها، تیمار بذر با قارچ های آندوفیت را به روشی امیدبخش برای مواجهه با شرایط تغییر اقلیم تبدیل کرده است. لذا، این پژوهش با هدف تعیین تاثیر قارچ های آندوفیتaegilops  بر جوانه زنی بذرهای گندم نان تحت خشکی انجام شد. قارچ هایalternaria chlamydospora ،fusarium equiseti  و curvularia spicifera به ترتیب از گونه های aegilops tauschii، ae. triuncialis و ae. cylindrical جداسازی شدند. هویت این آندوفیت ها با آغازگرهای  its4و its1f برای تکثیر ناحیه ژنومی its nrdna در کنار مطالعه ریخت‌شناسی تایید شد. خصوصیات جوانه زنی و رشد گیاهچه رقم فرانسوی renan گندم تحت خشکی peg 6k (5/4- بار) و تیمار قارچی در محیط m بررسی شد. خشکی القاشده با peg سبب کاهش صفات جوانه زنی نظیر درصد جوانه زنی، سرعت جوانه زنی، انرژی جوانه زنی، شاخص جوانه زنی، خصوصیات رشد گیاهچه (طول و وزن گیاهچه) و شاخص بنیه/ویگور بذر شد. قارچ c. spicifera اغلب تاثیری بر صفات جوانه زنی نداشت. قارچf. equiseti  به واسطه ماهیت بیماری زایی خود سبب کاهش خصوصیات جوانه زنی به ویژه تحت شرایط تنش شد. در مقابل، قارچ a. chlamydospora اغلب منجر به بهبود طول و وزن گیاهچه همراه با شاخص های جوانه زنی تحت هر دو شرایط عادی رطوبتی و تنش خشکی شد. به طور کلی، آندوفیت a. chlamydospora قادر بود تا شاخص های جوانه زنی و رشد گیاهچه گندم را تحت شرایط خشکی بهبود بخشد؛ لذا، پتانسیل استفاده از آن در پرایمینگ بذر وجود دارد.

the effect of endophytic fungi alternaria chlamydospora, fusarium equiseti, and curvularia spicifera on the germination of bread wheat seeds under artificial drought stress

improvement of seed germination and seedling growth under stresses has made the seed treatment with endophytic fungi a promising method for mitigating climate change conditions. therefore, this research was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of aegilops endophyte fungi on the germination of bread wheat seeds under drought conditions. alternaria chlamydospora, fusarium equiseti, and curvularia spicifera fungi were isolated from aegilops tauschii, ae. triuncialis, and ae. cylindrical species, respectively. the identity of these endophytes was confirmed by using the its4 and its1f primers towards amplifying its nrdna genomic region, followed by morphological survey. germination characteristics of the french renan variety of wheat were investigated under peg 6k drought (-4.5 bar) and the fungal treatments in m ​​medium. peg-induced drought decreased germination traits such as germination percentage, germination rate, germination energy, germination index, and seedling growth traits (length and weight), and also seed vigor index. c. spicifera fungus often had no effect on germination traits. f. equiseti fungus due to its pathogenic nature, caused a decrease in the germination characteristics, especially under stress conditions. on the contrary, a. chlamydospora fungus often led to an improvement of seedling length, seedling weight, and germination indices under both humidity normal and drought conditions. in general, endophyte a. chlamydospora could improve wheat germination indicators and seedling growth under drought conditions, and therefore, there is a potential to use it in the seed priming.improvement of seed germination and seedling growth under stresses has made the seed treatment with endophytic fungi a promising method for mitigating climate change conditions. therefore, this research was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of aegilops endophyte fungi on the germination of bread wheat seeds under drought conditions. alternaria chlamydospora, fusarium equiseti, and curvularia spicifera fungi were isolated from aegilops tauschii, ae. triuncialis, and ae. cylindrical species, respectively. the identity of these endophytes was confirmed by using the its4 and its1f primers towards amplifying its nrdna genomic region, followed by morphological survey. germination characteristics of the french renan variety of wheat were investigated under peg 6k drought (-4.5 bar) and the fungal treatments in m ​​medium. peg-induced drought decreased germination traits such as germination percentage, germination rate, germination energy, germination index, and seedling growth traits (length and weight), and also seed vigor index. c. spicifera fungus often had no effect on germination traits. f. equiseti fungus due to its pathogenic nature, caused a decrease in the germination characteristics, especially under stress conditions. on the contrary, a. chlamydospora fungus often led to an improvement of seedling length, seedling weight, and germination indices under both humidity normal and drought conditions. in general, endophyte a. chlamydospora could improve wheat germination indicators and seedling growth under drought conditions, and therefore, there is a potential to use it in the seed priming.