Bleeding in patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI)

Objectives: to study the frequency of bleeding and associated risk factors among patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (pci). methodology: this cross-sectional study was conducted on 500 consecutive patients, who underwent pci at punjab institute of cardiology, lahore. bleeding was defined according to replace – 2 criteria. results: there were 82 females (16.4%) and 418 males (83.6%); mean age 53.4 (± 9.6 years). bleeding complications occurred in 6.2% (n=31) of patients; major bleed 0.8% (n= 4) and minor bleed 5.6% (n= 27). one patient with major bleed (retroperitoneal) died in hospital. the frequency of bleeding complications was 8.5% among females and 5.7% among males (p=0.24). radial route was used in majority (88.6%). the risk factors found to be significantly associated with the development of post-pci bleeding were diabetes (or: 6.4; p < 0.0001), hypertension (or: 13.2; p < 0.0001), smoking (or:8.31; p<0.0001) and bmi > 40 (or: 6.8; p < 0.002), use of streptokinase (or: 3.1; p < 0.0005), femoral approach (or:4.2; p < 0.02), anaemia (or: 44.8; p < 0.0001) and act ≥ 350 ( or: 3.73; p < 0.0005). in our study, female gender, procedure time ≥60 minutes, use of glycoproteins iib/iiia inhibitors (gpi), and patient’s age ≥50 years did not show significant association with post pci bleeding. conclusion: major bleeding complications during percutaneous coronary intervention (pci) though occur rarely, are an important cause of patient morbidity and mortality.