Effects of diet and metformin on placental morphology in gestational diabetes mellitus

Objective: to evaluate the effects of diet control and metformin on placental morphology in gestational diabetes mellitus (gdm). methods: after written informed consent 62 gdms were enrolled. according to who criteria,30 cases of gdms with blood sugar level <130 mg/dl,were assigned group b (2000-2500kcal/day and 30 minute walk thrice weekly were kept on diet control and 32 cases of gdm with blood sugar level >130 mg/dl,assigned group c were kept on diet with tablet metformin,(500mg tds) finally 25 normal pregnant females were kept in group a as control. after delivery placentae were preserved and evaluated for morphology. results: heavy placentae with abundant villous immaturity,chorangiosis and syncytial knots in group b and fibrinoid necrosis and calcification in group c were seen. in group b versus a placental and cord width while in group c versus a only cord width in gross morphology showed significant results. in group b versus a villous immaturity,chorangiosis,infarction and syncytial knots in light microscopy were present; similarly in b versus c placental width,chorangiosis and syncytial knots showed significant results,while in c versus a results were non-significant. conclusion: metformin produced beneficial effects on placental morphology being comparable to normal control in contrast to diet group. © 2016,professional medical publications. all rights reserved.