نقد و بررسی برخی اشکالات ابن‌تیمیه بر حدیث یوم الدار

حدیث یوم الدار یکی از کهن‌ترین منابع اثبات ولایت و جانشینی امیرالمومنین علی است که در منابع متعدد روایی، تفسیری و تاریخی شیعه و سنی نقل شده است. ابن‌تیمیه در کتاب منهاج السنه، آن‌گونه که مبنای اوست، به انکار اصل حدیث و ایراد و اشکالات متعدد سندی و دلالی بر آن پرداخته است. عدم نقل حدیث در کتب معتبر، ضعف عبدالغفار بن القاسم از راویان حدیث یوم الدار در تاریخ طبری و پاره‌ای اشکالات دیگر ازسوی او مطرح شده است. بررسی منابع حدیثی اهل‌سنت مانند مسند احمد بن حنبل، خصائص نسایی و منابع تاریخی مانند تاریخ طبری و تاریخ دمشق و مصادر تفسیری مانند تفسیر ابن‌ابی‌حاتم رازی و ثعلبی و بغوی نشان می‌دهد ادعای ابن‌تیمیه فاقد پشتوانۀ علمی است؛ منابع فوق به‌ویژه تاریخ طبری داستان یوم الانذار را به‌تفصیل آورده‌اند. تعدد و تنوع منابع در کنار قدمت زمانی آن، ادعای انکار اصل حدیث را نفی می‌کند. ابن‌تیمیه در کنار انکار حدیث یوم الدار، چند اشکال دلالتی نیز گرفته که به‌صورت گذرا مورد بحث قرار گرفته است.

criticism and examination of some problems of ibn taymiyyah on the hadith of yum al-dar

introductionhe hadith of yawm al-dar is one of the oldest sources of proof of the wilayat and succession of amir al-mu’minin ali (as), which has been narrated in numerous shia and sunni traditional, commentary, and historical sources. nevertheless, ibn taymiyyah, whose anti-shi’ism caused him to spend all his energy denying the virtues of the ahl al-bayt (as), especially amir al-mu’minin (as), turned to denying the origin of this hadith and raised several documentary and content objections about it in the book minhaj al-sunnah al-nabawiyyah. although his objections lack scientific support due to his unfounded claims and opposition to reliable and incipient sources, but because he has created doubts in this field and may cause anxiety in the minds of the audience who do not have enough information about it, it is important and necessary to review it. the works that have been done in this field so far have mostly been based on a belief approach or have dealt with this issue very superficially. examining this issue with a hadith and interpretation approach was a gap that this article has tried to fill.materials and methodsin the process of organizing this research, first, data and information (as research materials) were collected from the relevant sources, and then it was explored by using the method of description and analysis. these sources primarily include the holy qur’an, in which the revelation of a verse with the title of aye inzar (warning verse) is regarded as the authority of issuing hadith. traditional sources after the qur’an are the most used sources in this field, which include shia and sunni hadith texts. shaykh ţūsī’s amālī, al-saduq’s ilal al-sharaye’, ahmad ibn hanbal’s musnad, nasai’s al-khaṣā’iṣ, hakim neishaburi’s mustadrak, muttaqi hindi’s kanz al-ummal, and haskani’s shawahid al-tanzil are some of the hadith sources that narrate this hadith.