physiological and biochemical responses of lilac sage (salvia verticillata l.) to methyl jasmonate and multi-walled carbon nanotubes: a comparative study

Lilac sage (salvia verticillata l.) a medicinal plant from the lamiaceae family, is rich in bioactive compounds such as flavonoids and phenolic acids, which are known for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. this study aims to compare the effects of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (mwcnts) and methyl jasmonate (mj) on the physiological and biochemical responses of s. verticillata. at the twenty-two-leaf stage, plants were subjected to foliar application of mj (100 µm) and mwcnts (100 mg l⁻¹), and some physiological and biochemical traits were assessed at multiple time points. the application of mj enhanced the accumulation of phenolic and flavonoid compounds. it increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes while simultaneously causing a reduction in chlorophyll content, likely due to stress-related responses. in contrast, the application of mwcnts initially promoted chlorophyll and protein synthesis, followed by a delayed increase in oxidative stress markers and the activation of key enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of phenolic acids. principal component analysis provided strong evidence for the distinct mechanisms of action of mj and mwcnts. while mj primarily functions through stress signaling pathways, mwcnts combine growth stimulation with stress induction, impacting metabolic processes in different ways. these findings offer insights for optimizing elicitation strategies for enhancing the production of bioactive compounds in medicinal plant biotechnology.

physiological and biochemical responses of lilac sage (salvia verticillata l.) to methyl jasmonate and multi-walled carbon nanotubes: a comparative study

lilac sage (salvia verticillata l.) a medicinal plant from the lamiaceae family, is rich in bioactive compounds such as flavonoids and phenolic acids, which are known for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. this study aims to compare the effects of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (mwcnts) and methyl jasmonate (mj) on the physiological and biochemical responses of s. verticillata. at the twenty-two-leaf stage, plants were subjected to foliar application of mj (100 µm) and mwcnts (100 mg l⁻¹), and some physiological and biochemical traits were assessed at multiple time points. the application of mj enhanced the accumulation of phenolic and flavonoid compounds. it increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes while simultaneously causing a reduction in chlorophyll content, likely due to stress-related responses. in contrast, the application of mwcnts initially promoted chlorophyll and protein synthesis, followed by a delayed increase in oxidative stress markers and the activation of key enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of phenolic acids. principal component analysis provided strong evidence for the distinct mechanisms of action of mj and mwcnts. while mj primarily functions through stress signaling pathways, mwcnts combine growth stimulation with stress induction, impacting metabolic processes in different ways. these findings offer insights for optimizing elicitation strategies for enhancing the production of bioactive compounds in medicinal plant biotechnology.